86 BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS AND OTHER CATTLE DISEASES. 



tuberculosis. To this end, the dairymen supplying a city 



should all be supplied with circulars of information dealing 



with the problem of the control of bovine tuberculosis. In a 



large number of states, assistance in preparing such circulars 



may be had from state veterinary sanitary officials, veterinarians 



^^agricultural experiment stations, and also from the Bureau 



~4> of Animal Industry at Washington. 



Anthrax. This cattle disease is certainly transmissible to 

 man by inoculation, but the writer has not encountered a report 

 of a case where the infection has been borne by milk. 



The disease appears among cattle during warm weather in 

 certain localities. Its onset is so abrupt and death usually 

 occurs with such suddenness that there is little likelihood of a 

 diseased animal's transmitting the disease through the milk. 

 During an outbreak of anthrax it might be enough from the 

 public health standpoint to insist that no cows with a fever be 

 allowed in the dairy. Even such a requirement would ordin- 

 arily be superfluous, for a cow with a high fever due to anthrax 

 would not yield milk. 



Suppuration. Marked examples of suppuration warrant the 

 temporary rejection of the milk of a cow. Dehorning, or the 

 accidental loss of a horn, is quite apt to lead to infection of 

 the frontal sinuses, and if the discharge is not properly re- 

 moved it creates a disgusting stench. For this reason dehorn- 

 ing is preferably done \vhen a cow is dry. Open suppurating 

 actinomycotic lesions are objectionable. Small abscesses occur 

 on the backs of cows, due to the presence of larvae, Hypodenua 

 bovis, or H. lineaia, popularly called warbles. Trouble is best 

 prevented by squeezing out the larvae when small. Suppur- 

 ation about the udder is especially objectionable. Mammitis 

 (garget) furnishes good reason for excluding the milk of the 

 cow from sale, even if only one quarter of the udder is involved. 

 Since garget is caused by streptococci, all sorts of streptococcus 

 infections in man have been attributed to the use of milk con- 

 taining streptococci. Such transmission of infection is possible 

 and probable, but difficult to prove. The subject is further 

 discussed in Chap. VII. 



