VITREOUS ENAMEUNG 17 



Chem. Ind., 36, 879. Within a rather narrow limit in sizing, reasonable 

 uniformity can be obtained in the loss in weight of a two-gram sample of 

 frit ground to pass 20 mesh when exposed to a given solution. 



Schaefer, J. Enamel and its use in the chemical industry. Z. angew. Chem., 

 28, I, 419-20; C. A., 10, 260. History of the industry and a general 

 description of enamels and enameling methods. 



Schroder, E. Muffle kiln for enamels. German Patent 296,457, Oct. 31, 

 1915. /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 36, 596. 



Schwarzbach. A hint from enamel technology. Diamant, 37, 525-6; C. A., 

 10, 960. To secure uniform and complete fusion the addition of borax, 

 magnesium oxide, or ammonium chloride is recommended. 



Staley, H. F. Antimony compounds as opacifiers in enamels. Trans. Amer. 

 Ceram. Soc., 17, 173-89; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 36, 879. 



Tostmann, C. Saltpeter replacement in the enamel industry. Keram. Rund- 

 schau, 23, 15 (1915); C. A., 9, 3341. 



Using electric ovens for enameling. Iron Trade Rev., 57, 215 (July 29, 1915). 



Vogel, H. The enameling of cast iron ware. Keram. Rundschau, 23, 109-10; 

 Z. angew. Chem., 28, Ref. 411; C. A., 10, 377; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 34, 1145. 



1916 

 Bickmeier, C. Continuous furnace for burning enamel ware. Canadian 



Patent 172,606, Oct. 17, 1916. 

 California sanitary enameled ware plant. Metal Work, 86, 273-4 (Sept. 1, 



1916). 

 Black enamels. Schnurpfeil's Rev. Glass Works, 2, 137 (1916); C. A., 10, 



2133. Five formulas are given. 

 Conover, W. R. Electric ovens and furnaces. Am. Machinist, 45, 316-7 



(1916); C. A., io,2543. 

 Danielson, R. R. The effect of variation in the composition of ground coats 



for sheet iron enamels. Trans. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 18, 343-62 (1916); 



C. A., n, 283; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 36, 717. 

 Heilmann, E. White enamels. Austrian Patent 72,232, Aug. 10, 1916. 



C. A., n, 880. Mixtures of zinc and aluminum oxides or of magnesium 



and aluminum oxides are heated to form a spinel. 

 How enameled kitchen ware is made. Iron Trade Rev., 59, 1091-7 (Nov. 30, 



1916). 

 Koepp, R., and Co. Enamels. English Patent 100,777, Feb. 18, 1916. 



C. A., 10, 2791; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 37, 924A. Glass with low melting 



point is used to replace the usual fluxes. 

 Koepp, R., and Co. Manufacture of enamels. English Patent 101,221, 



Aug. 16, 1916. /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 36, 291. Enamels are clouded or 



rendered opaque by the addition of zirconium borate supersaturated with 



zirconia. 

 Koepp, R., and Co. Enamels. English Patent 101,802, Feb. 18, 1916. C. 



A., n, 294; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 36, 388. The use of natural borates is 



facilitated by the addition of large quantities of glass. 



