10 VITREOUS ENAMEUNG 



Rickmann, R. White pigments for enamels, etc. German Patent 283,204, 

 Dec. 5, 1911. C. A., 9, 2444. Substances containing antimony are used. 



Roenelt, T. J. Process of enamel stripping by heating with alkaline com- 

 pounds. French Patent 434,301, Sept. 16, 1911. /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 

 31, 336. Potassium cyanide is used, sprinkled on the enamel heated to 

 just redness. The enamel may be lifted off after half a minute. 



Schott, E. A. Muffle oven for enamel works and other industrial purposes. 

 Stahl u. Risen, 31, 310 (1911); C. A., 5, 2315. 



Staley, H. F. The cause and control of the mottling of enamels on metals. 

 Trans. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 13, 489-93 (1911); C. A., 5, 3890. 



Tostmann, C. The function of the ground enamel. Keram. Rundschau, 19, 

 5-6 (191 1) ; C. A ., 5, 1670. The claim is reasserted that in ground enamels 

 on cast iron the cobalt oxide is reduced to cobalt. 



Various processes for decorating enameled ware. Glashutte, 41, 811-3, 839- 

 40, 864-6; C. A., 6, 142. 



Vondracek, R. The function of the ground enamel. Sprechsaal, 44, 115; 

 C.A., 5,2163. 



Vondracek, R. The enamel industry. Sprechsaal, 44, 264-7 (1911); C. A., 

 5, 3503. A general review of the industry for 1910. 



Waldes and Co. Enameling tools, etc. German Patent 242,850, Jan. 29, 

 1911. C.A., 6, 2157. 



Zahn, O. Enameling muffles. Keram. Rundschau, 19, 30-2 (1911); Stahl. u 

 Eisen, 31, 308-10 (1911); C. A., 5, 1671. A criticism of previous work 

 on enamels. 



1912 



Akt. Ges. Porzellanfabr, Weiden Gebr. Bauscher. Method of enameling 



vessels. French Patent 451,332, Dec. 4, 1912. C. A., 7, 3210. 

 Brown, R. E. Replacement of tin oxide by antimony oxide in enamels 



for cast iron. Trans. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 14, 740-55 (1912); C. A., 7, 



232; J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 31, 1129. A different type of enamel is required 



if antimony is used. 

 Dupont, P. Enameling bath tubs. German Patent 269,524, Sept. 26, 1912 



C. A., 8, 2469. Heating of the tub is effected by electric means. 

 Enameling on metal. Keram. Rundschau, 20, 79; C. A., 6, 3504. 

 Eyer, Ph. Natural history of enamel defects. Keram. Rundschau, 20, 



233-5, 243-5, 252-5. C. A., 6, 3505. 

 Goldschmidt, Th. Frits useful in the manufacture of enamels or glasses, 



French Patent 439,609, Feb. 1, 1912. La Ceramique, 16, 12; C. A., 7, 



1959; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 31, 723. 

 Haschek, K. Decorating enameled metal products. German Patent 



275,560, Dec. 28, 1912. C. A., 9, 852. 

 Heilmann, E. Opaquing substances for white enamels. English Patent 



26,498, Nov. 18, 1912. C. A., 8, 1652; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 33, 259. 



Mixtures of magnesium oxide and aluminium oxide or of aluminium oxide 



and zinc oxide, calcined to form a spinel. 



