VITREOUS ENAMELING 5 



Riddle, F. H. The type of enamel used for enameling cast iron sanitary ware. 

 Trans, Amer. Ceram. Soc. t 9, 645-61 (1907); C. A., 2, 1483; /. Soc. Chem. 

 Ind., 27, 565. The most favorable composition was found to be: 0.4 

 PbO and BaO, 0.15 K 2 O, 0.15 CaO, 0.05 ZnO, 0.25 Na 2 O, 0.15 Al a O,, 

 1.0 SiO 2 , 0.2 B 2 O 3 , 0.2 SnO 2 . 



Spitz, G. Process of detaching enamel from enameled objects. French 

 Patent 370,986, Oct. 31, 1906. English Patent 5,273, Mar. 5, 1907. 

 C. A., 2, 204; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 26, 257. A solution of caustic soda or 

 oxalic acid at 100 C. is used, either with or without a quantity of oxi- 

 dizing medium. 



1908 



Act.-Ges. der Emailliewerke und Metallwaarenfabriken "Austria." Pro- 

 cess for producing a metallic luster on enameled metallic surfaces. 

 French Patent 388,761, Apr. 1, 1908. /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 27, 982. 



Bock, B. Importance of fluorine in enamels. Chem.-Ztg., 32, 730-2 (1908); 

 C. A., 2, 2718; J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 27, 900. Fluorine lowers the melting 

 point of the enamels decidedly but has no influence on the opacity of the 

 resulting enamel. 



Bock, B. Note on white antimony enamels. Chem.-Ztg., 32, 446-7 (1908); 

 C. A., 2, 2132; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 27, 566. Dangers are pointed out, 

 owing to the ready solubility and the poisonous character of the com- 

 pounds of antimony. Slow cooling of frits in place of the rapid quench- 

 ing is advised. 



Bonzel, C. and P. Continuous furnace for burning enameled ware out of 

 contact with flames. French Patent 392,285, July 13, 1908. /. Soc. 

 Chem. Ind., 27, 1204. 



Enameling of sheet iron hollow ware. Keram. Rundschau, 16, 89-91, 135-9 

 (1908) ; C. A., 2, 1605. Various formulas are given in which zirconium is 

 replacing tin. 



Eyer, P. Advances in the preparation of enamel glazes (for iron). Chem.- 

 Ztg., 32, 516-7 (1908); J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 27, 628. 



Eyer, P. Tin oxide substitute. Stahl u. Risen, 28, 1097-9 (1908); C. A., a, 

 3135. Tests of cryolite, which may replace about 12 per cent of tin, 

 antimony, and arsenic oxides, bone ash, titanic acid and zirconium oxide. 



Franchet, Louis. The enamels and ceramic colors of the Middle Ages and the 

 Renaissance. La Ceramique, 10, 142; C. A ., 2, 2609. Various compositions 

 are given. 



Home office regulations for vitreous enameling metal or glass. Statutory 

 Rules and Orders, 1908, No. 1258, Dec. 18, 1908. /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 

 28, 91. 



Landau et Cie., and Rosenzweig, C. White enamel of great covering power. 

 French Patent 389,483, Apr. 22, 1908. C. A ., 4, 2720; /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 

 27, 983; La Ceramique, n, 100-1; C. A., 3, 364. Silicates of zirconium 

 and beryllium are used in place of tin, etc. They are more refractory, 

 more resistant to acids and are cheaper. 



