THE PISTIL. 107 



pear, as shown in Fig. 333. Find the parts shown in this 



diagram. The remains of the flower are seen at C. The 



calyx-tube, grown fleshy and 



succulent, is marked T. The 



outer border of the ovary is 



seen at E. From what part of 



the flower is the eatable portion 



of a pear or apple developed? 



To repeat our former question, 



would the fruit of a superior 



pistil be more likely than that 



of an inferior pistil to consist 



o'f the ovary alone ? 



I have illustrated the composition of fruit with apples 

 and cherries because they are so common ; but these ob- 

 servations may, and should be, repeated upon every vari- 

 ety of fruit that can be found. 



Trace the formation of each of the fruits pictured upon 

 the charts, and point out those that consist of the pistil 

 alone, and those which do not. In the latter case, name 

 the parts that are consolidated with the pistil in the fruit. 



When fruit is formed from the pistil alone, the wall of 

 the ovary is called a pericarp (from/m, around). 



Gather specimens of every kind of fruit that grows 

 within reach. In late summer or early autumn, the fruit 

 of garden, field, and forest, if carefully, collected, will give 

 you a large and various assortment. For example : you 

 may have at the same time cucumbers, melons, beans, peas, 

 grapes, apples, pears, elder and pokeweed berries, chest- 

 nuts, walnuts, pumpkins, etc., and the less conspicuous 

 seed-vessels of mullein, Saint-John's-wort, lettuce, radish, 

 cabbage, etc., etc. Earlier in the season the list will be dif- 

 ferent, and it will vary somewhat with the locality, but, 

 wherever collected, and whatever its components, be sure 

 to gather every kind that can be had. 



Look over your collection, and separate the superior 



