BERBERIDACE&. 195 



2. Liriodendron. Sepals 3, caducous. Petals 6. Carpels i- 

 2-seeded, indehiscent, imbricated in a cone. Trees. 



i. L. TULIPIFERA (Tulip-tree}. Leaves dark green, very glabrous, trun- 

 cate ; flowers large, solitary, fragrant, orange within. A noble tree. May- 

 June. 



Order III. BERBERIDACE.E. 



Herbs or shrubs. Petals opposite the sepals. Stamens defi- 

 nite, as many as the petals, and opposite them ; or else twice as 

 many. Anthers extrorse, usually opening by recurved valves. 

 Ovary of a single carpel, forming in fruit a one-celled berry or 

 capsule. Seeds few. 



Shrubs Berberis. 



(Flowers yellowish green Caulo- 

 phyllum. 

 Flowers 

 Herbs- 

 Fruit many- j Fniit. 

 seeded j Fruit, a berry 



I. Berberis. Petals 6, with 2 glands at the base of each. Sta- 

 mens 6 ; filaments flattened. Stigma sessile. Fruit a 2-3-seeded, 

 oblong berry. Shrubs. 



1. B. VULGARIS {Barberry). Leaves oval or obovate, sharply serrate, in 

 clusters, with 3 spines at base ; flowers yellow, in nodding racemes ; berries 

 oblong, red, very acid. The stamens are irritable, springing against the 

 pistil when touched at the base. June. 



2. Caulophyllum. Petals 6, with nectariferous scales at the base 

 within. Stamens 6. Pericarp membranaceous, 2-4-seeded. Seeds 

 erect, globose. 



i. C. THALICTROIDES (Blue Cohosh}.V&ry glabrous ; leaves biternate 

 and triternate ; leaflets ovate, irregularly lobed, terminal one broadest ; stem 

 simple, smooth, bearing 2 leaves ; flowers greenish yellow ; seeds deep blue, 

 soon bursting the ripe fruit, resembling berries. Young plant is purple, and 

 somewhat resembles a fern. April-May. 



3. Diphylleia. Sepals 6, fugacious. Petals 6, larger than sepals. 

 Ovules 5-6, attached to side of ovary. Seeds without aril. Root-stock 

 perennial ; leaves umbrella-like. 



i. C. CYMOSA ([/m&retta-fea/). Root-leaves 1-2 feet in diameter, 2-cleft, 

 and the divisions much lobed. Berries blue. Wet places. May. 



4. Jeffersonia. Sepals 4, fugacious. Petals 8. Stamens 8. Stig- 

 ma 2-lobed. Pod pear-shaped, opening with a lid. Seeds with aril on 

 the sides. 



