CORNACEsE. 237 



alternate with them, Ovaiy 2-i5-celled, with I ovule in each cell. 

 Styles erect, conniv r ent, as many as the cells. Fruit drupaceous, 

 or baccate. 



{Leaves compound Aralia. 

 t 

 Leaves simple Hedera. 



I. Aralia. Calyx-limb 5-toothed or entire, short. Petals 5, 

 f preading. Stamens 5, alternating with the petals. Styles 5, at length 

 diverging. Fruit baccate, 5-lobed, 5-celled, 5-seeded. if. 



1. A. RACEMOSA (Spikenard}. Stem smooth, herbaceous; leaves decom- 

 pound, 3~5-parted ; each division with 3-5 ovate leaflets ; umbels small, 

 numerous, arranged in branching, compound racemes, forming panicles on 

 axillary peduncles ; flowers small, greenish white ; fruit small, dark purple. 

 In rich, rocky woodlands, 3-6 feet high. July. 



2. A. NUDICAULIS (Sarsaparilla). Nearly acaulescent ; leaf radical, 

 solitary, on a long, 3-cleft petiole ; each division pinnately 3-5 foliate ; leaf- 

 ets oval or obovate, sharply serrate ; scape naked, baaring 3 simple, pedun- 

 culate umbels ; flowers small, greenish ; root long, creeping, aromatic. In 

 rich woods, with a scape i foot high. May- June. 



3. A. TRIFOLIUM (Dwarf Ginseng], Root globose ; leaves 3, verticil- 

 late, 3~5-foliate ; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, serrate, subsessile ; peduncle 

 nearly as long as the leaves ; flowers white, on short pedicels ; styles 3 ; 

 berries 3-seeded. In low woods, 3'-6' high. May. 



2. Hedera. Calyx 5-toothed. Petals 5, dilated at base. Berry 5- 

 seeded, surrounded by the persistent calyx. Evergreen, if. 



H. HELIX (English Ivy). Stem and branches long and flexible, attaching 

 themselves to the earth, walls, or trees, by numerous rootlets ; leaves dark 

 green, smooth, petiolate, with white veins ; lower ones 5-lobed ; upper 

 ovate ; flowers green, in numerous umbels, arranged in corymbs ; berry black. 

 A climbing, shrubby plant, in cultivation. 



Order XLI. CORNACE.E (Cornel Family]. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves simple. Flowers small ; calyx united 

 to the i-2-celled ovary. Petals valvate in bud. Style i. Fruit 

 a drupe or berry. 



I. Cornus. Calyx-limb 4-toothed, with minute segments. Petals 

 4, oblong, spreading. Stamens 4, with filiform filaments. Style i. 

 Drupes baccate. Trees, shrubs, and perennial herbs. 



i. C. FLORIDA (Boxwood}. Leaves ovate, acuminate, entire ; flowers 

 small, greenish-yellow, surrounded by a large 4-leaved involucre, the segments 

 of which are obcordate, with a callous point at apex, white and showy, often 

 tinged with red ; drupes oval, bright red. A tree 15-30 feet high. May~ 



