SCROPHULARIACE^E. 271 



corolla bl^e and white, marked with purple lines ; capsule obtusely emargin- 

 ate. In grassy fields, 2' -6' high. May-September. 



11. Gerardia. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla tubular, swelling above, 

 with 5 spreading, more or less unequal lobes ; 2 upper ones usually the 

 smallest. Stamens 4, included, hairy. Style elongated. Capsule ovate, 

 acuminate, many-seeded. 



1. G. PURPUREA (Purple Gerardia}. Smooth ; stem erect, angular, 

 with long, spreading branches ; leaves linear, acute, rough on the margin ; 

 flowers axillary, solitary ; calyx-teeth subulate ; corolla bright purple, showy, 

 smooth or slightly downy. In wet, grassy grounds, 8'-2o' high. August. 



2. G. FLAVA (Yellow Gerardia). Pubescent; stem erect, simple, or 

 branching toward the summit ; leaves opposite, sessile, ovate-lanceolate, or 

 oblong, entire, obtuse ; flowers large, opposite, axillary, on very short pe- 

 duncles ; calyx-segments oblong, obtuse. In dry woods, 2-3 feet high. 

 August. 



3. G. QUERCIFOLIA (Oak-leaved Gerardia}. Smooth and glaucous; 

 stem tall, simple, or somewhat branching ; lower leaves twice pinnatifid ; 

 upper oblong-lanceolate, pinnatifid or entire ; flowers pedunculate, axillary, 

 opposite, of a brilliant yellow, large and showy ; segments of the calyx linear- 

 lanceolate, equaling the tube. In rich woods, 4-6 feet high. August. 



4. G. PEDICULARIA (Bushy Gerardia). Stem erect, very branching ; 

 leaves opposite, ovate, pinnatifid ; the lobes variously cut and toothed ; peti- 

 oles short, hairy ; flowers large, yellow ; segments of the calyx usually 

 toothed, as long as the hairy tube ; corolla i' long, with rounded, spreading 

 segments. In dry woods, 3-4 feet high. August. 



12. Castilleia. Calyx tubular, flattened, 2-4-cleft, included in 

 colored bracts. Corolla-tube included in the calyx ; upper lip long and 

 narrow, arched, inclosing the stamens ; lower lip short, 3-lobed. Sta- 

 mens 4. Anthers oblong-linear, 2-lobed, with unequal lobes. Capsule 

 many-seeded, y. 



C. COCCINEA (Painted Cup). Pubescent ; stem erect, angular, simple ; 

 leaves alternate, sessile, pinnatifid, radical ones clustered at base ; bracts 3- 

 cleft, colored with bright scarlet at apex, rarely yellow, longer than the co- 

 rolla ; flowers in short, dense, terminal spikes ; calyx and corolla greenish 

 yellow, the former tinged with scarlet at tip. In meadows, io'-2o' high. 

 May-June. 



13. Pedicularis. Calyx campanulate or tubular, 2-5-cleft ; the 

 segments leafy. Corolla strongly bilabiate ; upper lip arched, emar- 

 ginate ; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, included in the up- 

 per lip. Capsule oblique, if. 



P. CANADENSIS (Lousewort). Stems low, erect, simple, clustered ; leaves 

 petiolate, alternate ; lowest pinnately dissected ; lobes oblong-ovate, crenately 

 toothed ; flowers in short, dense, hairy, terminal heads ; calyx 2-toothed ; 



