324 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY, 



2. Abies. Barren aments scattered, or clustered near the ends of 

 the branchlets. Strobile small, round oblong, with thin, flat scales, 

 not thickened at apex. Seeds winged. Cotyledons 3-9. 



A. BALSAMEA (Balsam Fir). Leaves narrow-linear, flat, obtuse, 

 bright green above, silvery white baneath ; cones erect, large, cylindrical, 

 violet-colored ; bracts obovate, appressed. A slender and beautiful fir, in 

 cold woods and swamps. May, 



3. Thuya. Flowers monoecious, the two kinds on separate 

 branches. Barren flowers in small, ovoid aments ; stamens attached 

 by a scale-like filament, with 4 anther-cells. Fertile flowers consisting 

 of a few loose scales, each bearing 2 erect ovules at the base inside. 

 Seed winged. Cotyledons 2. 



T. OCCIDENTALIS (Arbor-vit<z). Leaves rhomboid-ovate, appressed, 

 imbricate in 4 rows on the 2-edged, flat branchlets ; cones nodding, oblong ; 

 scales without joints, i-seeded ; seeds with broad wings. An evergreen tree, 

 common in swamps. May. 



4. Cupressus. Flowers monoecious, the two kinds on separate 

 branches. Barren flowers in ovoid aments. Fertile flowers in globu- 

 lar aments ; scales peltate, in 4 rows, bearing several erect ovules at 

 base. Cone globular, not opening till mature. Seeds compressed, 

 winged. Cotyledons 2-3. 



C. THYOIDES (White Cedar}. Leaves ovate, with a gland on the back, 

 imbricated in 4 rows on the compressed branchlets, minute, dull green. A 

 moderately large tree in swamps. 



5. Juniperus. Flowers dioecious, sometimes monoecious, in very 

 small aments. Barren aments scales peltate, bearing 3-6 anther-cells 

 on their lower margin. Fertile aments globose ; scales few, fleshy, 

 fruit a scaly berry containing 2-3 bony seeds. Cotyledons 2. 



1. J. COMMUNIS (Juniper). Leaves linear, subulate, spreading, mucro- 

 nate, bright green below, glaucous above ; barren flowers in small, axillary 

 aments ; fertile flowers axillary, sessile, in small, globular cones ; berries 

 round-cylindrical, dark blue, and of a sweetish turpentine taste. A shrub 

 with rigid branches, prostrate on the ground. 



2. J. VIRGINIANA (Red Cedar}, Leaves in 4 rows, crowded in pairs or 

 threes, on young or rapidly growing shoots, subulate, in other cases very 

 small, triangular-ovate; closely imbricated ; barren flowers in small, oblong 

 aments ; berries small, blue, with a glaucous bloom. A very small tree, of 

 irregular growth. April-May. 



