THE BROAD-LEAVED TREES 155 



is a rapid grower. Its chief enemy is a fungus (Nectria cinna- 

 barina), which may be recognized by the bright red fructifica- 

 tions which break out on the branches. 

 Laburnum (Cytisus laburnum). 



A native of Central and South Europe, and has long been 

 cultivated in Great Britain. It is chiefly of use as an ornament 

 in parks and gardens and on the edges of plantations. It will 

 grow on most soils, but to reach a large size it requires a deep, 

 loamy, and fairly dry soil and a sheltered situation. The 

 timber is valuable for cabinet-making, and fetches a good 

 price if large. 

 Lime-tree or Linden (Tilia europaea). 



There are three varieties of the lime-tree : the large-leaved 

 lime (Tilia grandifolia\ the small-leaved lime (Tilia parvi- 

 folia}) and the intermediate form (Tilia intermedia). The 

 lime-tree is a native of Central and South Europe and has long 

 been grown in England. It is a tree of the plains, and does 

 not do well at high elevations. It is frost-hardy ; it stands 

 half-way between the light-demanders and the shade-bearers ; 

 that is to say, it will bear a light shade in favourable situations. 

 It does best on a fresh, fertile soil, the large-leaved variety 

 being more exacting than the small-leaved tree in this respect. 

 The latter should therefore be preferred on poorer soils. It 

 can be grown from seed, or from layers ; it coppices well, and 

 produces good straight shoots. The timber is not good enough 

 to warrant the growth of this tree in woods, and it is chiefly 

 used as an ornamental tree in parks, and for avenues. It is, 

 however, useful in coppice woods when there are many rabbits, 

 as it is not touched by them owing to its stringy bark. 



Mountain Ash (Pyrus Azicuparia). 



A native of Great Britain, and the hardiest of all our trees ; 

 it will grow at high elevations on all aspects and on most 

 soils. It bears some shade. Its timber is good for cart- 

 making and for agricultural implements owing to its toughness. 



