THE WORLD'S BIRDS. II 



meat, etc. They have laid and hatched young in 

 the London Zoological Gardens. 



DISTRIBUTION. South America. Two species only, 

 the Common Cariama (Cariama cristata], of Brazil 

 and Paraguay, brown, with red bill and legs, and 

 the Chunga, or Burmeister's Qariama, of Argentina 

 (Chunga burmeisteri), smaller and greyer, with 

 bill and legs black. 



CASSOWARIES (Casuariidce). 



DIAGNOSIS. Large running flightless birds, with three 

 toes and very small wings. 



SIZE. About five feet high, and six in length. Not 

 very much variation. 



FORM. Bill short, with central nostrils and gape to 

 beneath centre of eye ; feet with shanks stout, 

 toes three, with no basal web ; no hind-toe. 

 Wings excessively small and useless, not flexed 

 in the Emus, with one claw ; in the Cassowary 

 flexed at the elbow, fore-arm and hand directed 

 downwards ; tail well-plumed but inconspicuous. 



PLUMAGE. Very hairy-looking, being much decomposed 

 and stiff-fibred, with the after-shaft as long as 

 the main-shaft, making the feathers look double. 

 Wing-quills wanting, or rudimentary. No sex- 

 difference in colour, but the female larger. 



YOUNG. Active and feeding themselves ; down hairy- 

 looking, marked with numerous light and dark 

 longitudinal stripes. 



NEST. A hollow on the ground. 



EGGS. Numerous ; green dark in Emu, light in 

 Cassowaries oval, with a peculiar granulated 

 surface. 



INCUBATION. Seven to nine weeks, the male only 

 sitting. 



