124 THE WORLD'S BIRDS. 



North America. Their nests vary, being usually open, 

 but sometimes domed ; the well-known Tailor-bird 

 (Sutoria sutoria) and others which sew leaves for a 

 nest-bag belong to this group. The Gold-crests 

 (Regulus) are sometimes placed in a separate family. 



The tree- and bush-haunting Warblers, like our 

 familiar Chiff-Chaff (Phylloscopus tristis) and Blackcap, 

 for instance, seldom come to the ground, and are 

 eminently migratory, few breeding in the tropics. But 

 there is a large group of short-winged, strong-leggsd 

 Warblers resident in warm climates, which have much 

 more terrestrial habits, and grade into the Babblers. 



The Tailor-bird above-mentioned is one of these, 

 and is the most familiar Warbler in the East. It is of 

 about the same size as a Wren, and olive-green with a 

 chestnut cap. This species has a loud note, but no 

 noticeable song ; many Warblers, however, are remark- 

 ably good songsters. 



Wattled Pittas (Philepittincz) , of which there are only 

 two species Philepitta jala, black in the male and olive- 

 green in the female, and P. schlegeli, in which both sexes 

 are green and yellow, with the male's head black 

 are confined to Madagascar, where no true Pitta is 

 found. They differ from the true Pittas by having 

 separate scales at the back of the shank, while the males 

 have a wattle over the eye. They keep more to the 

 trees than the true Pittas, which mostly live on the 

 ground. 



Waxwings (Ampelina) are a curious group containing 

 only a few species, found in Europe, Asia and America. 

 They have small feet and a small bill with wide gape, 

 but unlike most other birds so distinguished, are mainly 

 frugivorous. Most of them are crested, and the best- 

 known species, the Waxwing (Ampelis garrulus) of the 

 northern parts of the world and the Cedar-Bird (A. 

 cedrorum) of North America, develop sealing- wax -like 

 appendages on the secondary wing-quills. 



