I 3 2 THE WORLD'S BIRDS. 



of course, free access to water and plenty of fish 

 as food. The Black-footed species (Spheniscus 

 demersus) was bred successfully in the Jardin 

 d'Acclimatation at Paris, in a small enclosure, 

 with a very small pond and dog-kennels for nest- 

 ing-places. Since then it has also bred in the 

 London Zoological Gardens. 



DISTRIBUTION AND IMPORTANT SPECIES. The seas of 

 the Southern Hemisphere, one species (Spheniscus 

 mendiculus) only having a range much outside 

 these, i.e., round the Galapagos. They often 

 form the chief animal life in Antarctic regions. 

 About sixteen species are known, of which one, 

 the Cape Penguin (Spheniscus demersus), is the 

 only one really familiar, owing to its being common 

 in captivity. The Rock-hopper (Eudyptes chry- 

 socome), with its conspicuous yellow crest, is also 

 well known. Penguins are well-known birds on 

 the New Zealand and Falkland Islands coasts, but 

 as a rule their breeding-places are on remote 

 islands far away from human inhabitants. 



PETRELS (Procellariida). 



DIAGNOSIS. Web-footed birds, with tubular nostrils. 



SIZE. From larger than a swan to the size of a swallow. 



FORM. Bill of medium length or long, with hooked 

 tip, the horny covering divided into sections 

 by grooves, the nostrils tubular the tubes either 

 separate or fused and the corner of the mouth 

 in front of the eye. Feet with shanks of varying 

 length, and three fully-webbed front toes, the 

 hind-toe absent or only represented by its claw. 

 Wings generally long and narrow ; tail usually 

 rather short. 



PLUMAGE AND COLOURATION. Colouring sombre, and 



