ESCHSCHOLTZIA AND SCHIZOPETALON 



49 



cuneate base, and being again deeply divided, so as to make in 

 all four ultimate, linear, oblong, obtuse, entire segments. In this 

 case the endocarp is thickened, bony, and its cavity is divided 

 at the base into four cells (fig. 95, A, c c c c) by the thickening 

 and consequent intrusion of the dorsal and ventral walls. 



The seed (fig. 95, B)is conical above, deeply four-lobed below 

 (fig. 95, B, I II I), one lobe (I) passing into each of these cells 

 (c). The embryo again follows suit, and each cotyledon sends 

 a lobe into each of the four cells, thus assuming the peculiar 

 form characteristic of the species. 



In Eschscholtzia (fig. 40) the cotyledons are deeply bifid, 

 resembling a hay-fork with two long prongs. In this case we 

 find no such structure of the fruit or seed to account for the 



FIG. 95. Ptcrocarya caucasica. A, transverse section 

 of nut, x 6 ; showing the four hollows c, c, c, c, which 

 are occupied by the four prolongations of the seed. 

 B, seed, x 6. 



peculiarity. My first idea was that such cases might possibly 

 be due to some difference in the endosperm, as occurs in 

 certain Umbellifers, Delphinium, &c., and which might have 

 permitted growth more readily in certain directions than in 

 others. Thin sections, however, showed no such differences. 

 Moreover, Schizopetalon Walkeri (one of the Cruciferse) (fig. 

 97, A-D) has the cotyledons as deeply divided as in 

 Eschscholtzia ; and as there is no endosperm, but the embryo 

 occupies the whole seed, within which the long lobes of the 

 cotyledons wind about more or less irregularly, the division 

 cannot be due to differences in the endosperm. There are, 

 moreover, other plants, such as the Sycamore (fig. 50) and 

 Hop, where the cotyledons are also narrow, winding, and 

 occupy the whole seed, but are not divided. We must there- 



