216 ON SEEDLINGS 



either end, one of which towards the end farthest from the micro- 

 pyle is the raphe ; micropyle produced into a little point. 



Endosperm copious, white, farinaceous. 



Embryo comparatively large, slightly curved towards the axis ; 

 cotyledons oblong, obtuse, entire, broad ; radicle cylindrical, obtuse, 

 pointing into a little projection at the micropyle. 



Dianthus Caryophyllus, L. (fig. 197). 

 Hypocotyl very short, tapering into the root. 

 Cotyledons broadly oblong, obtuse, tapering into the petiole, 

 glabrous, fleshy, pale green ; lamina 1-8 

 cm. long, 9'5 mm. broad ; petiole flattened, 

 shallowly grooved above, perfoliate, 6 mm. 

 long. 



Stem herbaceous or shrubby below, 

 erect, ultimately decumbent, glabrous, 

 terete ; internodes crowded in the seedling 

 stage ; nodes thickened. 



Leaves simple, entire, radical and 

 cauline, opposite, decussate, perfoliate, 

 FIG 197 -Dianthus g labrous > glaucous, exstipulate, sessile. 

 Caryophyiiu*. Nat. size. ^ P ^ar, spathulate, obtuse, 



channelled on the lower half, arching, 

 subcarinate, especially on the lower half. 



2nd pair linear, obtuse, broadest above the middle. 



Dianthus prolifer, L. 



Primary root long, tapering, with numerous short lateral 

 rootlets. 



Hypocotyl tapering insensibly into the root, short, glabrous. 



Cotyledons broadly ovate, retuse, shortly petiolate, glabrous, 

 minutely scabrous at the margin, light green, with an inconspicuous 

 midrib and a few slender, incurved, lateral veins ; lamina, 6 mm. 

 long, 4-5 mm. wide; petiole flattened, dilated at the base and 

 perfoliate, 2 mm. long. 



Leaves subperfoliate at the base, spiny-ciliate at the margin and 

 on the strong subcarinate midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous, deep 

 green, shining, with a prominent midrib and a few lateral ascending 

 nerves that unite with those next above them, but very indistinct 

 in the first two pairs of leaves. 



1st pair spathulate, obtuse. 



2nd pair oblanceolate or narrowly spathulate, subacute. 



3rd pair linear, obtuse. 



