C ARYOPH YLLE.E 219 



Stem herbaceous, annual, erect, and developed when about to 

 flower ; primary internodes undeveloped. 



Leaves simple, entire, radical and cauline, opposite, exstipu- 

 late, petiolate, obscurely, alternately incurvinerved, hairy on both 

 surfaces, light green above, paler beneath; petioles channelled 

 above, dilated and clasping at the base and slightly connate, 

 coarsely hairy at the margins or edges of the channel. 



1st pair short, obovate, very obtuse and rounded at the end. 



2nd pair similar, but much larger. 



3rd and 4th pairs spathulate, obovate, narrower and inclined to 

 be oblong. 



Silece rubella, L. 



Primary root tapering downwards, with numerous long lateral 

 rootlets. 



Hypocotyl short, obconical, green or almost colourless. 



Cotyledons rather fleshy, linear-oblong or lanceolate, indistinctly 

 one-nerved like the leaves, unequal. 



Stem, 1st internode 1-1-5 mm. long ; 2nd 6-7 mm. ; 3rd very 

 short. 



First leaves entire, often wavy, cauline, spathulate or cuneate, 

 tapering to the base, but scarcely petiolate, obtuse, glabrous, one- 

 nerved. 



Lychnis Githago, Lam. 



Hypocotyl short, hardly appearing above the soil. 



Cotyledons broadly oblong, obtuse, entire, somewhat fleshy, 

 petiolate, connate at the base, glabrous, dark green, indistinctly one- 

 nerved. 



Stem with primary internodes undeveloped. 



First leaves simple, entire, radical, opposite, oblong-lanceolate, 

 subacute, exstipulate, pubescent, with the hairs very fine and silky, 

 tapering to the base, sessile, light green, indistinctly pinnatinerved. 



Cerastium arvense, L. (fig. 199). 



Fruit a capsule, cylindrical or slightly curved and narrowed up- 

 wards, one-celled, many-seeded, dehiscing at the apex by ten teeth. 



Seed reniform, with very unequal ends, appearing laterally com- 

 pressed simply because curved, small, densely covered with small 

 protuberances, brown ; the smaller end containing the radicle, the 

 larger one the cotyledons ; hilum on the large end of the seed close 

 to the edge of the basal notch ; raphe none. 



