TILIACE^E 



281 



Cotyledons ovate, obtuse, five-nerved at the base, rather fleshy, 

 glabrous, petiolate ; lamina 7 mm. long, 5 mm. broad ; petiole thinly 

 pubescent or glabrous, flattened above, convex beneath, 3-25 mm. long. 



Stem erect, terete, thinly pubescent, pale green ; 1st internode 

 6'5 mm. long, 2nd and 3rd each T5 mm. 



Leaves simple, cauline, alternate, stipulate, petiolate, glabrous, 

 plicate in vernation, alternately penninerved, a deep shining green 

 above, paler beneath ; petioles 

 semiterete, flattened on the upper 

 side, pubescent; stipules subulate, 

 slender, entire, free, glabrous. 



No. 1. Small, ovate, serrate, 

 subcuneate at the base. 



Nos. 2-4. Ovate, acute or sub- 

 acute, round and trinerved at the 

 base, serrate. 



Tilia vulgaris, Ilaync (fig. 

 223). 



Fruit an ovoid or subglobosc 

 nut, fifteen-angled, tomentose,with 

 somewhat rufous hairs, one-celled 

 by the rupture of the septa, one- 

 seeded, tipped with the persistent 

 base of the style, attached to a 

 large deciduous bract which en- 

 sures dispersion by aid of the wind. 



Seed ascending or erect, ob- 

 ovoid or subglobose, deep brown, 

 smooth with a firm or crustaceous 

 coat of two distinct layers ; hilum, 

 raphe, &c. as in T. petiolaris. 



Endosperm copious, firm, fleshy, pale yellow or nearly white, 

 surrounding the embryo, which pierces it in several places, and is 

 almost naked at those points. 



Embryo primarily straight, ultimately large, bent, divided, with 

 its parts curved or arched ; cotyledons applied face to face, originally 

 ovate, obtuse, entire, ultimately five-lobed from an ovate or deltoid sub- 

 cordate base, deflexed bodily downwards towards the ventral aspect of 

 the radicle, then again upturned with the tips of the segments arched 

 over to the dorsal aspect and piercing almost through the endosperm 

 at those points. Each cotyledon has two basal subopposite nerves 

 running into the basal segments, and two alternate ones running 



FIG. 222. Corchorus olitorius. 

 Nat. size. 



