476 ON SEEDLINGS 



No. 3. Similar to No. 2. 



N.B. The odd leaflet on the posterior basal side of the pinna 

 is accounted for by the suppression of the corresponding anterior 

 one. 



ROSACES. 



Benth. et Hook. Gen. PI. i. 600. 



Fruit and Seed. The carpels of which the ovary is com- 

 posed in this Order vary from one to many, and are free or in 

 some genera more or less connate and adherent to the tubular 

 or variously concave receptacle. A monocarpellary type is 

 represented by Prunus, while a two- to five-celled ovary is 

 characteristic of the tribe Poineae. 



Polycarpellary ovaries occur in Eubus, Potentilla, Fragaria, 

 Geum, Spiraea, Rosa and others. Each carpel is one-celled 

 or spuriously two-celled. The ovules are generally geminate, 

 pendulous and anatropous, and superposed ; and in this case the 

 raphe is ventral and the micropyle superior. They are, how- 

 ever, solitary in the Potentilleae, Roseae, Poterieae, and Neura- 

 dese. In some cases they are ascending with a dorsal raphe 

 and inferior micropyle, as in the Chrysobalanese, Quillajeae and 

 others. Numerous ovules occur in Pyrus and others of the 

 Quince type and in Spiraea. The fruit is extremely variable, 

 being drupaceous in the Chrysobalaneae, Pruneae, and Rubese ; 

 in the latter the torus is elevated and conical. It is follicular 

 in many of the Spiraeese, consists of achenes in the Potentilleae, 

 Poterieae, and Roseae, and forms a pome in the Pomeae. The 

 receptacle of Fragaria is of considerable size and pulpy or 

 succulent, while in Rosa ! it is urceolate, fleshy, and termed a 

 ' hip,' while in the Poterieae it is dry, concave, cup-shaped or 

 almost urceolate. In the Pomese it is fleshy and adherent 

 to the ovary ; and in certain cases is capsular, dehiscing by 



1 There is some difference among botanical writers as to the use of these 

 terms in the Kosaceae, the concave receptacle being sometimes regarded as part 

 of the calyx, and styled calyx-tube. 



