502 ON SEEDLINGS 



Cotoneaster Simonsii, Hort. (fig. 325). 



Primary root tapering, wiry, flexuose, with numerous flexuo se 

 wiry rootlets, red or brownish. 



Hypocotyl woody, erect, terete, glabrous, brownish, 2-4 cm. long. 



Cotyledons oval-oblong, obtuse, glabrous, shortly petiolate, 1 cm. 

 long including the petiole, 5 mm. broad. 



Stem shrubby, erect, terete, densely hairy, brownish ; 1st inter- 

 node 2-5 mm. long ; 2nd 4 mm. ; 3rd 3-5 mm. ; 4th 3 mm. 



Leaves simple, cauline, alternate, stipulate, petiolate, sparingly 

 hairy on both surfaces, densely so on the margins, coriaceous, 

 evergreen, deep green and shining above, paler beneath ; petioles 

 channelled above, hairy ; stipules subulate, attenuate, free, hairy, 

 brownish, entire. 



Nos. 1-6. Ovate, acute, mucronate. 



Ultimate leaves ovate, or elliptic-ovate, acute, mucronate. 



SAXIFRAGES. 



Benth. et Hook. Gen. PI. i. 629. 



Fruit and Seed. The more typical members of this Order 

 have an ovary consisting of two carpels, or occasionally three ; 

 but in many, especially the shrubby and arboreal types belong- 

 ing to the Escallonieae and Hydrangese, the ovary consists of 

 three to five carpels, very rarely more. 



In the vast majority of cases the ovary is sunk in the 

 receptacle and syncarpous, with as many cells as there are 

 carpels, rarely one-celled ; it is rarely free. We find all inter- 

 mediate stages between a perfectly inferior, and a perfectly 

 superior ovary in the genus Saxifraga alone. There are only 

 a few species in that genus where the ovary is perfectly apo- 

 carpous, and not sunk in the receptacle ; but this also happens 

 in Astilbe, Tetracarpsea, Cephalotus follicularis, Pancheria, and 

 Spiraeanthemum. The ovules are generally very numerous, 

 and arranged in a double series on the axile, rarely parietal, 

 placentas; frequently they are few, but very rarely solitary 

 and ascending from the base of the cavity of the ovary as in 

 Eremosyne, or pendulous from the top of it as in Whipplea, or 

 geminate and pendulous as in Ixerba. 



