CAPRIFOLIACE^E 51 



Owing to a localisation of growth in the young seed, the lower and 

 apical end including the raphe attains (fig. 421, B, C) great develop- 

 ment. The seed being attached at the apex of the cell, is encou- 

 raged to grow at its lower end only, in order to completely occupy 

 the cavity of the ovary. The distance between the chalaza and the 



FIG. 421. Viburnum dentatum. A, B, and C, longitudinal sections 

 of the fruit in three stages, x 5 : R, raphe; Ch, chalaza. 



hilum or micropyle remains unaltered, consequently as growth goes 

 on the raphe seems to creep farther and farther round the seed, 

 whereas it is only the lower part of the seed, and the raphe which 

 grow and develop together till the cavity of the ovary is completely 

 filled, when the raphe surrounds nearly the whole of the mature seed. 



Viburnum Opulus, L. 



Ovary of three carpels, one-celled, one-ovuled ; ovule pendulous 

 from the top of the inner angle of the cell, anatropous ; micropyle 

 superior. 



Fruit a globose drupe, red when mature ; mesocarp pulpy ; 

 endocarp horny. 



Seed ovate-rotund, cuspidate at the apex, shallowly emarginate 

 at the base, much compressed or flattened laterally, conforming to 

 the interior of the endocarp, brownish-red, with a thin adherent 

 testa ; raphe lateral, passing along the edge of the seed, round the 

 base and half way up the other side ; hilum and micropyle superior, 

 forming the cuspidate tip of the seed ; chalaza about the middle of 

 one edge. 



Endosperm in the mature seed abundant, horny, white. 



Embryo small, straight, embedded in the endosperm close to 

 the hilum ; cotyledons spathulate- oblong, obtuse, entire, about as 

 long as the stout, obtuse radicle, and slightly broader than it, 

 with their backs to the placenta in the broader plane of the seed. 



B 2 



