62 ON SEEDLINGS 



increase in size that takes place after germination is shown 

 at fig. 440, representing the exact nature of the venation in a 

 bleached specimen. The lateral nerves, at first close to the 

 margin all round, are ultimately distant from it. Galium 

 saccharatum (fig. 442) differs remarkably from its congeners 

 and others in this group, in having linear-oblong einarginate 

 cotyledons. The venation (fig. 442, B), drawn from a bleached 

 specimen, is strikingly different from that of G. Aparine, a 

 fact apparently due to growth in the basal portion of the 

 lamina subsequent to germination. The narrowness of the 

 lamina is necessary to facilitate the escape of the embryo 

 from the narrow opening of the fruit, which has a thick warted 

 and cortical pericarp as above mentioned. 



The shrubby type is represented by Eandia Mussaendse 

 (fig. 428) having large ovate cotyledons tapering to the base, 

 with a penninerved, incurved venation resembling that of 

 the leaves, the first pair of which are elliptic. Leptodermis 

 lanceolata conforms pretty closely to this type, and an un- 

 named species of Psychotria (fig. 437) differs chiefly in the 

 cotyledons being shorter, broader, and almost truncate at 

 the base. The latter also furnishes a remarkable instance of 

 the presence of stipules to the cotyledons. The first two 

 pairs of leaves are elliptic, and, like the cotyledons, have 

 incurved nerves.. Coffea arabica (fig. 436) has roundly ovate 

 strongly trinerved and reticulate cotyledons, larger than any 

 others of the Order coming under my notice. The first 

 four pairs of leaves are lanceolate-elliptic. Ixora parvi- 

 flora has roundly triangular cotyledons with a cordate base 

 and very prominent venation. As amongst the herbaceous 

 types, so here we have a strong divergence from the usual 

 form. The cotyledons of Plectronia ventosa are linear-oblong, 

 obtuse, penninerved, sessile, and leathery like the leaves. 

 The two first leaves are ovate. Another exceptional instance 

 occurs in Eudgea Hostmani which has broadly reniform cotyle- 

 dons, but in the specimen noted they were evidently malformed. 

 The first pair of leaves are oblong ; the second broader. 



A few constituting a third group have elliptic cotyledons. 

 Taking Genipa clusiaefolia (fig. 432) as a type, it will be seen 

 that the cotyledons possess no very marked characters separat- 



