RUBIACE.E 77 



light rather opaque green ; petioles very short, channelled above, 

 subcarinate beneath ; stipules interpetiolar, similar to the leaves in 

 every respect, but smaller in the seedling stage. 



First pair oblanceolate, cuspidate, channelled above, with the 

 midrib prominent beneath ; stipules interpetiolar and single between 

 the leaves. 



Second pair decussating with the first and similar ; stipules 

 similar to the leaves, two on one side of the stem and one on the 

 other, making in all with the leaves five. 



Third pair ditto, but sometimes with all the four stipules de- 

 veloped. 



Fourth pair with the four stipules present. 



Galium tenuissimum, M. Bieb. 



Primary root similar to that of the last species. 



Hypocotyl erect, tapering insensibly into the root, green above 

 "soil, glabrous. 



Cotyledons ovate, obtuse, entire, with one median nerve 

 shortly petiolate, glabrous ; lamina 2'75 mm. long, 2 mm. wide ; 

 petiole flattened above, about 1 mm. long. 



Stem annual, erect, quadrangular, glabrous or with a few minute 

 scattered prickles on the angles; 1st internode 5mm. long; 2nd 

 5- 5 mm. ; 3rd 7 mm. 



Leaves opposite and verticillate, with large interpetiolar foli- 

 aceous stipules, shortly petiolate, glabrous or with a few minute 

 scattered prickles on the upper surface and margin, acute or apicu- 

 late, one-nerved only in seedling stage ; stipules exactly similar to 

 the leaves but smaller (at least in the seedling). 



First whorl of two leaves and two stipules, obovate or sub- 

 elliptic, shortly petiolate. 



Second whorl similar, the larger members (leaves) decussating 

 with those below them. 



Third whorl of two leaves and four stipules. 



Crucianella segyptiaca, L. (fig. 443). 



Primary root long, wiry, tapering, flexuose, brownish-red, with 

 short lateral fibres, annual. 



Hypocotyl erect, terete, very short, tapering indistinguishably 

 into the root, scaberulous. 



Cotyledons ovate, obtuse, emarginate, shortly petiolate, with a 

 distinct midrib, and one to two alternate, ascending, incurved nerves 

 on each side, but difficultly discernible in the fresh state, glabrous, 

 dull deep green above, paler beneath; lamina 4'5-5'5 mm. long, 



