COMPOSITE 103 



Thus in some species the cotyledons are linear, sometimes of 

 considerable length ; in others the fruits widen until we have 

 obovate cotyledons ; while in a few cases they are ovate and 

 pointed. We may comprise in the first division those which 

 are relatively short in proportion to their width. This is fairly 

 well represented by Chrysanthemum segetum, which has 

 spathulate-oblong, obtuse, short, sessile cotyledons, slightly 

 connate at the base forming a little cup round the plumule or 

 axis. This latter character is widely prevalent amongst the 

 Composite. The primary leaves are oblong, and more or less 

 deeply pinnatifid and toothed. C. carinatum (fig. 472) differs 

 chiefly in the first two leaves being narrower and pinnatifid 

 with oblong, entire segments. The seedling of Anacyclus 

 radiatus is much taller with all its parts more elongated. The 

 two primary leaves are divided to the midrib with bifid and a 

 few entire segments. Achillea Millefolium (fig. 470) has 

 shorter cotyledons and the first two leaves are opposite, 

 tapering into a petiole, with one or two teeth on each side 

 above the middle. The cotyledons of Matricaria Parthenium 

 are also small. The first leaf is small, spathulate, and entire 

 or nearly so, while the second is cuneate and trifid. The 

 other leaves show great increase in size and an interesting 

 evolution as far as division is concerned. The division of the 

 foliage of Matricaria globifera is even more complicated, with 

 the ultimate segments linear. The first two leaves are 

 small, spathulate-cuneate and five-toothed. The first two 

 of Matricaria nigellaefolia (fig. 473) are opposite, narrowly 

 lanceolate and entire, the third is cuneate, trifid, alternate, 

 and the fourth pinnatifid. The cotyledons are considerably 

 elongated. Lonas inodora (fig. 469) has a superficial resem- 

 blance to the last, but the cotyledons are short and oval, while 

 the first three pairs of leaves at least are opposite, the first 

 pair being lanceolate and entire, followed by two cuneate and 

 trifid pairs. 



Another group of plants belonging to the same extensive tribe 

 as the last, namely the Anthemidese, has the cotyledons short 

 or narrow and small. Those of Anthemis sp. (fig. 471) 

 are linear-oblong and 5 or 6 mm. long. The first pair of 

 leaves are pinnatisect with linear segments and very different 



