104 ON SEEDLINGS 



from the first pair of A. mixta, which are linear, entire, long, 

 slender, and narrower than the cotyledons. The third leaf of 

 the latter is pinnatisect and alternate. The cotyledons of 

 Artemisia Mutellina are linear-spathulate, and the first four 

 or five leaves are linear and entire. Strikingly different is 

 A. annua, having oblong cotyledons about 2-5 mm. long, and 

 the first two leaves short, cuneate and tri-fid or -dentate. 

 The ultimate leaves are tripinnatisect with toothed segments. 

 The first two of Pentzia virgata are linear, entire, and slightly 

 broader upwards, while the cotyledons are spathulate-oblong 

 and 3-4 mm. long. The first pair of leaves of Cenia sub- 

 heterocarpa are linear, slender, entire, followed by three other 

 pairs which are more or less divided. Cotula coronopifolia is 

 somewhat similar in its early stages, but only the first pair of 

 leaves are linear and entire, and the cotyledons are narrowly 

 spathulate. 



A group of plants belonging to several other tribes may be 

 mentioned here on account of the similarity of the cotyledons 

 to those of Chrysanthemum and its allies. The shortly oblong 

 cotyledons of Brachycome iberidifolia (fig. 457) very nearly 

 resemble those of Achillea Millefolium. The first two leaves 

 are linear and entire, while the third has one or two teeth on 

 each side near the apex. The first three pairs of leaves of 

 Charieis heterophylla are oblong or spathulate-oblong, some- 

 times pinnatifid and hairy, while the cotyledons are oblong or 

 often almost obovate. The same, or nearly the same, characters 

 apply to Madia corymbosa, except that the seedling is stronger, 

 or the hypocotyl longer. Lactuca laevigata (fig. 488) presents 

 no affinity with the above, but the cotyledons are spathulate, 

 tapering into a short petiole. The first leaf is oval with a long 

 petiole, the second lanceolate with a much longer petiole, 

 while the third leaf is lyrate-pinnatifid with the lateral seg- 

 ments slender. 



A second type of short cotyledons is represented by Bellis 

 perennis (fig. 458). The cotyledons are rotund or orbicular, 

 petiolate, emarginate, or less frequently entire. As in the first 

 type the petioles are more or less connate at the base. The 

 two first leaves are rotund and nearly or quite entire. 

 Around this type a number of species belonging to widely 



