CAMPANULACE^E 169 



Specularia biflora, A. Gray. 



Primary root long, with short lateral fibres. 



Hypocotyl 2-2-5 cm. long. 



Cotyledons oblong-obovate, 5-6'5 mm. long, 4-4-5 mm. wide ; 

 tapering into the long petiole, which is slightly channelled above, 

 9-11 mm. long. 



Stem erect, terete, striate, pubescent, herbaceous, twisted ; 1st 

 internode 1 cm. long ; 2nd longer. 



Leaves thinly pubescent, tapering into and slightly decurrent on 

 the petiole which is channelled above, venation reticulate but very 

 indistinct. 



Nos. 1-4. Obovate-spathulate, obtuse, obsoletely crenate, with 

 glands in the notches, and in the apical one when the leaf is emar- 

 ginate. 



ERICACEAE. 



Benth. et Hook. Gen. PI. ii. 577. 



Fruit and Seed. The ovary is superior and consists of two to 

 twelve carpels united so as to form as many cells ; the union 

 may be complete or the carpels may be partly free at the top, 

 making the ovary lobed as occurs in many of the Rutaceae and 

 Labiatae. The ovules are numerous and inserted on axile pla- 

 centas, or suspended from the apex of the cells and anatropous ; 

 they rarely ascend from the base of the cells. The fruit is cap- 

 sular, rarely baccate as in Arbutus and Pernettya or drupaceous 

 as in Arctostaphylos, and dehisces loculicidallyor septicidally by 

 as many valves as there are carpels, or the carpels may break 

 away from the axial placentiferous column. Fruits breaking 

 up into cocci are very rare. The seeds vary from one to many, 

 but they are usually minute and very numerous, angled or 

 compressed, with a closely fitting or sometimes a loose testa 

 prolonged at either end. The embryo is embedded in a fleshy 

 endosperm, with short cotyledons and a rather elongated radicle. 



Seedlings. The, seeds are minute in most cases, and the 

 cotyledons generally small. The seedlings of Ehododendron 

 arboreum (fig. 494) and Erica Tetralix represent therefore the 

 more typical forms of the Order. The cotyledons of Rhodo- 



