JUGLANDE^E 515 



the base of the style, very short, blunt, occupying the pointed apex 

 of the seed, projecting from between the notches at the base of the 

 cotyledons, somewhat compressed right and left, i.e. in the same 

 plane as the cotyledons ; plumule conical with a row of five minute 

 buds or leaves along two sides and opposite to the cotyledons, with 

 two perfect leaves each having about three leaflets alternating with 

 them. 



ORIGIN OF INTEBNAL CAVITIES OF THE FEUIT. 



A vertical section of a young fruit made on the 4th of June- 

 shows the exocarp already differentiated from the tissue within it 

 and containing chlorophyll in its cells. The endocarp is colourless 

 but contains plenty of protoplasm. Surrounding the central ovule, . 

 and projecting on each side from its base, is a layer of tissue of a 

 watery appearance, and having little or no cell-contents, but per- 

 fectly unbroken. 



A transverse section of another fruit, made about the same date, 

 shows a similar but thin layer of watery tissue surrounding the 

 ovule ; and on one side of the latter, but extending more than half 

 way to the periphery of the endocarp, are two irregular- shaped 

 similar areas. 



A vertical section of the fruit made on the 21st of June showed 

 the watery colourless tissue greatly increased in bulk, and extend- 

 ing with two long branches nearly to the base of the endocarp, where 

 they widen. The broader parts of this tissue are beginning to break 

 up. 



A corresponding transverse section shows four masses of watery 

 or cortical parenchyma, with a cavity in the centre of each, formed 

 by the breaking up of the cells which were originally continuous 

 with the rest of the endocarp. 



A longitudinal section of the fruit made on the 8th of July 

 showed that the cortical and watery parenchyma had previous to 

 this greatly increased in bulk and become dissolved.. The testa 

 has grown contemporaneously with the breaking up of the tissue 

 of the ovary, and by continuously adjusting itself by growth to the 1 

 interior of the cavity, now almost completely fills it including the 

 various irregular hollows or excavations. The tissue of the nucellus- 

 has become deliquescent and watery, while as yet the embryo is- 

 extremely minute and difficult to detect. 



A corresponding transverse section shows the four main cavities 

 now formed in the fruit, together with several minor ones. The 

 testa for some reason or other has not been able to develop to the 

 bottom of some of the recesses, possibly on account of their being 



L L 2 



