PERPETUAL MOTION 57 



body which would float in a heavy medium and sink in a 

 lighter one, to pass successively through the one to the 

 other, the continuation of which would be the end in view. 

 To say that valves cannot be made to act as proposed will 

 not be to show the rationale (if I may so say) upon which 

 the idea is fallacious." 



The figure is supposed to be tubular, and made of glass, 

 for the purpose of seeing the action of the balls inside, 

 which float or fall as they travel from air through water 

 and from water through air. 'The foot is supposed to be 

 placed in water, but it would answer the same purpose if 

 the bottom were closed. 



DESCRIPTION OF THE ENGRAVING, FIG. 13. No. i, the 

 left leg, filled with water from B to A. 2 and 3, valves, 

 having in their centers very small projecting valves ; they 

 all open upwards. 4, the right leg, containing air from 

 A to F. 5 and 6, valves, having very small ones in their 

 centers; they all open downwards. The whole apparatus 

 is supposed to be air and water-tight. The round figures 

 represent hollow balls, which will sink one-fourth of their 

 bulk in water (of course will fall in air) ; the weight there- 

 fore of three balls resting upon one ball in water, as at E, 

 will just bring its top even with the water's edge ; the 

 weight of four balls will sink it under the surface until the 

 ball immediately over it is one-fourth its bulk in water, 

 when the under ball will escape round the corner at C, 

 and begin to ascend. 



"The machine is supposed (in the figure) to be in 

 action, and No. 8 (one of the balls) to have just escaped 

 round the corner at C, and to be, by its buoyancy, rising 

 up to valve No. 3, striking first the small projecting valve 

 in the center, which when opened, the large one will be 



