34 HUXLEY MEMORIAL LECTURES 



to him at least, as man's knowledge grew more 

 and more, there would come a growing potency 

 of that other accompanying emotion of awe and 

 reverence which springs from the increasing 

 recognition of the mystery of the unknown for 

 ever lying beyond the farthermost margin of the 

 expanding known. 



Towards the other moving power of the 

 Church, the hope and dread of the life to come, 

 his attitude was very different. These words 

 signified, not as did the words love of God, a 

 native emotion shaped, not created, by intel- 

 lectual conceptions, but an adventitious emotion 

 whose very birth was due to conceptions in which 

 natural knowledge was more or less involved. 

 To him natural knowledge brought no proof, and 

 could bring no proof, of a life hereafter; this 

 could neither affirm nor deny that man lived after 

 death. He fully recognised the great part played 

 in the conduct of life by the hope of reward and 

 the dread of punishment; but in the conduct of 

 life according to natural knowledge both the hope 

 and the dread must have natural knowledge as 

 their base; the sequence of the reward or of the 

 punishment upon the deed must be within the 

 reach of proof, otherwise neither the one nor the 

 other could be of avail. The hope and the dread 

 which did not rest on proof seemed to him a 

 broken reed not to be trusted. 



Deep, however, as was his conviction that the 

 hope of future reward and the fear of future 



