AMPHITHERIUM 



19 



ANESTHETICS 



Amphitherium, (am-fi-thO'ri-um). [Gk. am- 

 phi, doubtful; therion, wild beast.] A small 

 animal, belonging to Mammalia, probably 

 marsupial, remains of which are found in 

 Stonesfield-slate: also called Thylacotherium. 



Amphithou, (am-fi'tho-e). An amphipodous 

 crustacean animal. 



Amphitrite, (am-fi-tri'te). [Classical.] 1. One 

 of the asteroids, q.v. 2. A tube worm. 



Amphitropal, (am-fit'ro-pal). [Gk. amphi, on 

 both sides; tropeo, I turn.] Used of an em- 

 bryo curved so much that the ends are 

 brought nearly together. 



Amphiuma, (am-fi-u'ma). An eel-like am- 

 phibious reptile, with very small feet, found 

 in ponds, &c., exclusively North American. 



Amphodonta, (am-fo-dont'a). [Gk. amphi, 

 altogether; odontes, teeth.] Used by Aris- 

 totle for Ferae and Primates: having teeth of 

 three kinds, continuous. 



Amplcxicaul, (am-pleks'i-kawl). [L. amplexus, 

 a surrounding; caulis, stem.] Used, of leaves 

 which partially enfold the stem. 



Amplexus, (am-pleks'us). [L. amplexus, a 

 surrounding.] A rugose coral, of the car- 

 boniferous period. 



Amplitude,(am'pli-tud). [L.amplitudo, width. ] 

 1. The distance of a heavenly body from the 

 east in rising; or the west in setting, meas- 

 ured by the angular distance. 2. The dis- 

 tance through which the atpma of air or 

 ether vibrate in a sound-wave or light- wave; 

 upon which depends the loudness of the 

 sound and the intensity of the light. 



Ampulla, singular of Ampullae. 



Ampullae, (am-pulle). [L. ampulla, a bottle.] 

 1. Dilatations, or widenings in the semicir- 

 cular canals of the ear. 2. Dilatations found 

 in leaves, <bc., of some aquatic plants, by 

 which they are made buoyant. 



Ampullae Polianae, vesicles in star-fishes, sea- 

 cucumbers, &c., in which nutritive fluid is 

 stored. 



Amygdaleae, (a-mig-dal'e-5). [Gk. amygdalos, 

 almond tree.] A division of the order Rosa- 

 ceas (containing the cherry, plum, and almond 

 trees), marked by its fruit being a drupe= 

 Drupaceae, q.v. 



Amygdalic acid, (a-mig'da-lik). [Amygdalin, 

 <2.v.] H2C4oH5oO2g: obtained from amygda- 

 lin. 



Amygdalin, (a-mig'da-lin). [Gk. amygdale, 

 almond.]=C2oH27NOii3H2O; a sweet crystal- 

 line substance, the principle of the almond. 

 A compound of the benzoic series. 



Amygdaloid, (a-mig'da-loid). [Gk. amygdaU, 

 almond; eidos, form.] A variety of trappean 

 rocks, containing almond-shaped mineral 

 nodules. 



Amyl, (am'il). [Amylum, 5.v.]=(C 5 H n ) 2 

 Decatyl hydride Diamyl=Amyl amylide: 

 an aromatic liquid hydrocarbon, obtained in 

 the distillation of coal. 



Amyl alcohol, (am'il). [Amyl, g.r.]=:Fousel 

 oil=potato spirit=C 5 H 12 O: a clear trans- 

 parent inflammable liquid, with a burning 

 taste and strong odour, found in brandy made 

 from potatoes, barley, etc. 



Amyl hydride, (am'il), [Amyl, q.v.]= Pentyl 



used as an anaesthetic: a 

 clear transparent combustible liquid, eva- 

 porating very rapidly. 



Amyl oxide, (am'il). [Amyl, <?..] =(C 5 H n )oO 

 =Amyl ether: a fragrant liquid, obtained 

 from fousel oil and from amyl chloride. 



Amylene, (am'il-en). [Amyl, q.v.^C^JELio: a 

 colourless volatile liquid hydrocarbon of the 

 define series, obtained from amyl alcohol: 

 its vapour destroys sensibility, but not con- 

 scioiisness. 



Amylia, (a-mlli-a). [Amyl, q.v. ]=C5Hu, 

 H2N: a colourless inflammable liquid alkaline 

 base, obtained from fousel oil. 



Amyloids, (am'il-oids). [Amylum, q.v.; Gk. 

 eidos, form.] Substances used as food, such 

 as starch, dextrine, sugar, &c., which consist 

 mainly of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. 



Amylum, (am'i-lum). [The L. name.]=Starch 

 =Amidin, q.v. 



Amyridaceae, (a-mi-rid-a'se-6). [Amyris, q.v.] 

 = Amyrids: tropical trees and shrubs, such as 

 the balsatnodendron, with small flowers, and 

 hard durable timber, belonging to Rutales. 



Amyrideae, (a-ml-rid'e-e). [Amyris, q.v.]= 

 Myrrh, frankincense, &c. : tropical plants 

 yielding odorous resins^Amyridacero, q.v. 



Amyris, (a-ini'ris), the balsam tree: the type 

 of Amyridaceaa. 



Anabas, (au'a-bas). [Gk. anabaino, I ascend.] 

 =climbing perch: an Indian fish resembling 

 the perch, which is able to live for some 

 time out of water=Percascandens=Anthias 

 testudineus=Tree-climber. 



Anableps, (ari'a-bleps). [Gk. anablepo, I look 

 up.] A fish of Guiana, with cylindrical 

 body, flattened head, and eyes so divided as 

 to seem double, giving the power of looking 

 upund down at the same time. 



Anacanthini, ( an-a-kan'thi-ni ). [Gk. ana- 



kanthos, without horns.] Fishes, such as 

 the cod, sole, &c., which have soft fin rays, 

 and the ventral fins, if any, near the throat. 



Anacardiaceae, (an-a-kar-di-a'se-e). [Gk. ana, 

 like; kardia, heart. ]=Anacards: trees and 

 shrubs, chiefly tropical, usually resinous or 

 milky, with poisonous sap, (Ex. Cashew, 

 Sumach), belonging to Rutales. 



Anacharideae, ( an-a-kar-id'e-e ). [Gk. ana, 

 without; charis, elegance. ]=Hydrocharida- 

 ceae, q.v. 



Anacharis, ( a-naTca-ris )=Water thyme: an 

 aquatic herb with small green flower, belong- 

 ing to Hydrocharidacese: grows very rapidly. 



Anaclastics, (an-a-klas'tiks). [Gk. anaklasis, 

 deflection of light. ]=Dioptrics, q.v. 



Anadromous, (an-ad'ro-mus). [Gk. ana, up; 

 dromos, course.] Used of sea fish that visit 

 rivers at certain seasons, such as the salmon 

 and sturgeon. 



Anaemia, (an-e'mi-a). A disease caused by too 

 little iron in the food. 



Anaesthesia, ( a-nCs-the'si-a ). [AnaistTiesia, 

 the Greek word]. Loss of sensation. 



Anaesthetics, (a-ne"s-thet'iks). [Gk. an, with- 

 out; aisthesis, feeling]. Agents that produce 

 insensibility to pain, or to feeling generally; 

 used at surgical operations. Ex. Chloroform, 

 methylic alcohol, chloride of methyl, nitrous 



