AIDER 



12 



AIIZAHIK 



Alder, (awl'der). [A.-S. air.] A tree resem- 

 bling the birch, the timber of which makes 

 good charcoal, the bark is useful for tanning, 

 and the young shoots for dyeing. Common, 

 A=Alnus glutinosa. Berry-bearing A.= 

 Rhamnus frangula. 



Alderamin,(al'der-am-in). [Arabic.]=aCephei: 

 the chief star of the constellation Cepheus. 



Alecto, (a-lek'to). [Classical: one of the Furies.] 

 A genus of sea polypes, with a branched struc- 

 ture; found in deep water attached to stones, 

 shells, &c. 



Alectrsenas, (al-ek-tre'nas). A. nitidissima= 

 a red and grey pigeon of Mauritius, quite 

 recently extinct. 



Ale-hoof, (al-h66f)=Ground ivy: once used in 

 ale-making. 



Alembic, (a-lem'bik). [Ar. al, the; Gk. ambix, 

 vessel.] A vessel used in distilling, consist- 

 ing of a boiler and apparatus for condensation. 



Alethopteris, (a-leth-op'ter-is). [Gk. alethes, 

 true; pteris, fern.] A genus of fossil ferns, 

 abundant in the coal formation, and also 

 found in Oolite and "Wealden rocks: some- 

 times included in Pecopteris. 



Aleurometer, (al-u-rom'et-er). [Gk. aleuron, 

 flour; metron, measure.] An instalment 

 for measuring the quality of wheaten flour 

 by the expansion of the contained gluten. 



Alexanders, (al-ek-san'derz). [Alexandria, in 

 Egypt] = Smyrnium olusatum : a common 

 herb, belonging to Umbelliferse ; originally 

 brought from Alexandria. 



Alexandra, (al-ek-san'dra). One of the as- 

 teroids, q.v. 



Alexandrite, ( al-ex-and'rit ). A variety of 

 Chrysoberyl. 



Alfourous. An Oceanic race. 



Algae, ( al'je ). [L. alga, sea-weed.] = Sea- 

 weed^rose-tangles, &c. : flowerless aquatic 

 plants, of cellular substance, reproduced by 

 spores, and varying much in size. 



Algales, (al-gii'lez). [Algae, q.v.} = Algre: 

 cellular aquatic plants, reproduced by spores; 

 including Algas and all similar plants, as 

 Diatomaceae, Fucaceae, Confervaceac, Cera- 

 miacese, and Characesa; forming a primary 

 division of Thallogens. 



Algaroba, (al-ga-ro'ba). [Ar. al, the; garoba, 

 bean tree.] Algaroba bean=Ceratonias'iliqua, 

 a plant called the bean tree, common in 

 Southern Europe and Western Asia. 



Algaroth (Powder of), (al'ga-roth). [V. Algo- 

 roth, its discoverer] = Oxy chloride of anti- 

 monyr=SbCl3,Sb2O 3 ; used medicinally. 



Algebra, (al'je-bra). [Ar. al, the; gabr, put- 

 ting together.] The science of numbers : a 

 method of general arithmetic, in which un- 

 known numbers are expressed by letters, and 

 by which their numerical value may be dis- 

 covered. 



Algebraic geometry=Analytical geometry: a 

 method of solving geometrical problems by 

 the use of algebraic symbols instead of by the 

 construction of geometrical figures. 



Algeiba, (al-gi'ba). [The Arabic name.]=y 

 Leonis : a star in the constellation Leo. 



Algenib (al'jen-ib). [The Arabic name.]:=y 

 Pegasi : a star in tho constellation Pegasus. 



Algodpnite, (al-go'do-nit). [Algodes in Chili.] 

 A mineral found in the mines of Algodes, 

 composed chiefly of copper and arsenic. 



Algol, (al'gol). [The Arabic name.]=/3 Persei: 

 a variable star=head of Medusa ; usually of 

 second magnitude, but changes to fourth 

 every third day. 



Algoid, (al'goyd). [Algae, q.v.; Gk. eidos, 

 form.] Resembling sea- weed or algae. 



Algorab, ( al'gor-ab )=Alchiba=a Corvi : tha 

 chief star in the constellation Corvus: a sun 

 star. 



Algorithm, (al'go-rithm). [Ar. al, fheigorithm, 

 alculation]= Notation: not often used. 



Alhena, (al'he-na). [The Arabic name.]=y 

 Geminprum : a star in the constellation 

 Gemini. 



Alidad, (al'i-dad). [Ar. al, the; hidad, rule.] 

 The cross-bar on which the verniers of a 

 graduated scale are carried/ 



Aliferous, (a-lifer-us). [L. ala, wing; fero, I 

 carry.] Provided with wings. 



Alignment, ( a-lin'ment ). [F. ligne, line.] 

 Measurement by the use of straight lines. 



Aliment, (al'i-ment). [L. alimentum, food.] 

 =Food: any substance which by assimilation 

 can be made to support life. 



Alimentary canal, (al-i-men'ta-ri). [Aliment, 

 g.v.] The long tube passing through tho 

 body, in higher animals, through which the 

 food passes, terminated at one end by the 

 mouth, at the other by the anus. 



Alimentary system, (al-i-men'ta-ri). [Aliment, 

 q.v.] The organs of the body which act on 

 the food and extract nutriment from it=the 

 mouth, stomach, and intestines. 



Alimentary tube, (al-i-men'ta-ri). [Aliment, 

 <7.?;.]=Alimentary canal. 



Alimentation, (al-i-men-ta'shun). [Aliment, 

 q.v.]= Con version of food into nutriment. 



Alioth, (al'i-oth)= Ursse Majoris: a star in 

 the constellation Ursa Major. 



Aliped, (al'i-ped). [L. ate, wing; pedes, feet.] 

 Having wing- like feet: such as the bat, 

 whose fore feet are connected with the body 

 by wing -like membranes, which serve as 

 wings. 



Alisma, L. (a-lis'ma). [The Greek name.] 

 An aquatic herb, the type of Alismaceaj. 

 A. plantago=WaiGT plantain. 



Alismaceae, (al-is-ma'se-e). [Alisma, 2.^.]= 

 Alismads : Marshy aquatic plants, many 

 with edible roots; resembling the water plan- 

 tain: the type of Alismales. 



Alismales (al-is-ma'lez). [ Alisma, q.v.] A 

 group of endogens, approximating to exogens 

 in character, including water plantain, ar- 

 row-grasses, &c. 



Alisphenoid, (al-is-fe'noid). [Ala, wing; sphen, 

 wedge ; eidos, form.] The greater wings of 

 the sphenoid, which in man are large. 



Alisphenoid canal, (al-is-fg'noid). A bony 

 channel through the alisphenoid, in some 

 animals, through which the external carotid 

 artery passes. 



Alizarin, (al-iz'ar-in). [Sy. alizari, madder.] 

 = Alizaric acid = Oxynaphthalic acid = 

 CuHgO^ a red crystalline substance obtained 

 from madder and from anthracene. 



