ALBIEEO 



11 



ALDEHYD 



The New Zealand white kangaroo. 3. Used 

 generally in every race for white varieties. 

 Albireo, (al-bi're-5))=/3 Cygni: a star in the 

 constellation Cygnus. 



Albite, (al'blt). [L. albus, white.]=Sodium 

 felspar, a white variety of felspar, contain- 

 ing sodium. 



Albukalin, ( al-bu'ka-lin ). [ Albumin and 

 al/fcaHn]=C4H 8 NO 3 iH 2 O: a friable brown 

 albuminous substance, obtained by the 

 action of an alkali on albumin: found iu 

 leukhsemic blood. 



Albumin, (al-bu'min). [L. albus, white. ]= 

 Albumen. 1. A colourless viscous liquid 

 which solidifies when heated, and may be 

 evaporated into a yellow transparent solid, 

 such as in the white of egg (=ovalbumin), 

 and in the serum of blood (=seralbumin). 

 Varieties of A. are synaptase, diastase, pepsin, 

 &c. 2. A compound of C. and N. found in 

 plants and animals, especially in seeds of 

 plants, in which, when acted on by oxygenand 

 water, it changes to a milky and sugary fluid, 

 upon which the young plant is nourished. 

 Albuminoid principles, (al-bu'mi-noid.) [Al- 

 bumin, q.v. ; Gk. eidos, form.] Albumin, 

 fibrin, casein, legumin, globulin, vitellin, <fcc., 

 all azotised substances resembling albumin. 

 Albuminosae. Term used by Brouguiart for 



monocotyledonous plants. 

 Alburnum, (al-bur'num). [L. albus, white] = 

 Sapwood : light coloured new wood, next the 

 bark, through which the sap rises. 

 Alca, (al'ka)=Auk: a sea bird, with wide beak, 

 and short webbed feet, placed far back, found 

 in cold climates; feeds on fish; belongs to 

 Natatores. 



Alcarazas, (al-kar-ats'as). [Sp. alcarraza, un- 

 glazed pitcher.] Porous earthen vessels used 

 in hot countries to keep water cool by eva- 

 poration. 

 Alcargin, (al-kar'jin) = C 4 H 6 As0 3 = KdO 3 = 



Cacodylic acid, q.v. 



Alcedo, (al-se'do) = King-fisher : a perching 

 bird, belonging to Halcyonidje. 

 Alces, (al'ses)=Elk: moose, &c. Large ani- 

 mals of the deer kind, with large horns. 

 Alcestis, (al-sest'is). [The Greek name.] A 



minor planet, discovered August 1872. 

 Alchemilla, (al-ke-mil'a). [Gk. alchemy, from 

 being used in it.]=Lady's mantle=Parsley 

 piert, an herb with very small flower, chiefly 

 American, belonging to Sanguisorbacese. 

 Alchemy, (al'ke-mi). [Ar. al, the; Gk. chemeia, 

 chemistry.] The earliest form of chemistry: 

 the art by which it was believed, in the 

 middle ages, that other metals might be 

 changed into gold, and the elixir of life be 

 discovered. 

 Alchiba, (al'ki-ba). ' [The Arabic name.] 



Algorab, q.v. 



Alcohol, (al'ko-hol). [Ar. alkohol, the finely 

 divided substance.]=Spirit of wine=CoHgO 

 =Hydrated ethyl = (C 2 H 5 )HO: = Vinic~A. = 

 Ethyl A. : a colourless inflammable liquid, 

 volatile and stimulating, much used as a 

 solvent, and forming the base of all fer- 

 mented liquors. 

 Alcohols, ( al'ko-holz ). 1. A series of com- 



pounds=CnH2n+2O, resembling alcohol in 

 character=water in which one atom of H is 

 replaced by an organic radicle = hydrated 

 oxides of organic radicles. 2. Neutral com- 

 pounds of C, H, and O, from which water 

 and ether are formed by the action of acids. 

 Diatomic A.=Glycols; Triatomic A. = Gly- 

 cerins; Primary A.=Monomethyl A., &c.; 

 Secondary A.=Dimethyl A., &c.; Tertiary 

 A.=Trimethyl A., &c. 



Alcohol thermometer. A thermometer in 

 which changes of temperature are shown by 

 the rise or fall of a column of coloured alcohol, 

 useful for very low temperatures. 

 Alcoholic hydrogen. The atoms of H in some 

 acids which are not readily displaced by a base. 

 Alcoholometer, (al-ko-hol-orn'et-er). [Alcohol, 

 q.v. ; Gk. metron, measure.] An instrument 

 for determining the relative amount of pure 

 alcohol present in any liquid. 

 Alcor, (al'kor). The companion star of the 

 double star Mizar. 

 Alcynoe. Gelatinous sea- weeds. 

 Alcynoid polyps. [Alcyone, q. v. ] Delicate coral- 

 making polyps, often brilliantly coloured. 

 Alcyon, (al'si-on). [Gk. hals, sea ; kuo, I 

 hatch.]=Alcedo, g.v.=kingfisher, which lays 

 its eggs in the sand by the sea shore. 

 Alcyonaria, (al-si-on-a'iia). [Alcyonium, q.v.] 

 = Asteroid polypes: a division of Actiuozoa, 

 of which Alcyonium is an example, 

 flilcyone, (al-si'o-ni). [Classical.] r] Tauri: 

 the central star of the Pleiades, of the third 

 magnitude, and supposed by Madler to be the 

 central sun of our universe. 

 Alcyonella, (al-sl-o-nel'la). [Dim. of Alcyo- 

 nium, q.v.] A genus of fresh water polypes, 

 which resemble plants in appearance. It 

 has been mistaken for a plant, and also for 

 a sponge. 



Alcyonidae, (al-si-on'i-de). [Alcyonium, q.v.] 

 A division of Alcyonaria, q.v. : a family of 

 asteroid polypes. 



Alcyonite, (al-si'o-nit). [Classical.] A common 

 chalk fossil, sometimes found as the nucleus 

 of flint. 



Alcyonium, (al-si-on'i-um). [Alcyone, q.v.] A 

 genus of Alcyonidse, q.v. A. digitatum=DG3id 

 man's hand. 



Aldebaran, (al-deb'a-ran). [Ar. al, the; de- 

 baran, leader.]=a Tauri=the bull's eye: a 

 reddish star of the first magnitude. 

 Aldeby-beds. [Village of A. in Suffolk. ]= 

 Chillesford beds: belonging to New Pliocene 

 strata, and containing marine fossils, indi- 

 cative of an Arctic climate. 

 Aldehyds, (al'de-hldz). [^Zcohol cZe/tycfroge- 

 nated.]=CnH2nO: a series of volatile liquids 

 which readily combine with O to form acids; 

 obtained by the removal of H fi-orn alcohols; 

 and by addition of O to glycols: Acetic A. 

 =C2H4O, the first known =common A. (which 

 becomes acetic acid by addition of Oo), a pun- 

 gent volatile inflammable liquid. Aromatic 

 A.= Aldehyds of aromatic acids : a variety 

 of oxidized essential oils, such as essence of 

 bitter almonds, <fec. 



Aldehyd green=C27H27N3S->O : a green amor- 

 phous pasty substance, one of the coal-tar dyes. 



