ABTTTILON 



ACETONIC ACID 



Abutilon (a-bu'ti-lon). [Gk. abutilon, mul- 

 berry tree.] A plant of the mallow kind. 



Acacia, (a-ka'shi-a). [Gk. akakia, a thorn.] A 

 tree or shrub, usually thorny, and yielding 

 a gum. False J.=locust tree. 



Acalephae, (a-ka-le'fe). [Gk. akalephe, anettle.] 

 Jelly fishes, sea nettles, medusae, &c. ; gela- 

 tinous, marine, stinging zoophytes, having a 

 central mouth, no senses but that of touch, 

 feeding on small fish, &c.; varying in size 

 from very small to several feet in diameter. 

 Belong to Hydrozoa, q. v. 



Acanthacese, ( a-kan-tha'she-e ). [Acanthus, 

 q. v.] Monopetalous herbs, shrubs, and weeds, 

 chiefly tropical, resembling the Acanthus. 



Acanthocephala, ( a-kan-tho-se'fa-]a ). [Gk. 

 akantha, thorn; kephale, head.] Vermiform 

 internal parasites having a spiny proboscis, 

 but no mouth, resembling threadworms; 

 also called helminthes and echinorhynchi. 

 Belong to Scolecida. 



Acanthodei, (a-kari-tho'de-i). [Gk. akantha, 

 thorn.] Fossil fish, having thorn-like fins. 



Acanthometrina, (a-kan-tho-met'ri-na) [Gk. 

 akantha, thorn ; metro,, medium.] Minute 

 animals; balls of jelly upon a framework of 

 spicules, belonging to Protozoa; found in 

 Mediterranean Sea : intermediate between 

 Polycistina and Sponges. 



Acanthophis, (ak-an'tho-fis). [Gk. akantha, 

 thorn; ophis, serpent.] A small venomous 

 serpent with sharp pointed tail. 



Acanthopteri, (a-kan-thop'te-ri). [Gk. akan- 

 tha, thorn; pterygion, fin.] Fish having 

 spiny dorsal fins, as perch, mackerel, &c. 



Acanthospongia, (a-kan-tho-spun'jia). [Gk. 

 akantha, thorn; spongia, sponge.] A fossil 

 sponge, found in Silurian strata. 



Acanthoteuthis, ( a-kan-tho-tuth'is ). [Gk. 

 akantha, spine; teuthis, a fish.] A cuttle-fish 

 with spiny tentacles, of which fossil bones, 

 spines, &c., are found in. Oolitic strata. 



Acanthurus, ( a-kan-thu'rus ). [Gk. akantha, 

 spine ; oura, tail.] AQ herbivorous fish, 

 found only in tropical seas, with short thick 

 body, and sharp spines at the tail. 



Acari, (ak'ar-i). Plural of acarus, q.v. 



Acarina, (ak-ar-i'na). [Acarus, q.v.]=A.cari, 

 q.v.: one of Hoeven's sub-divisions of the 

 Arachnida. 



Acarus, (ak'ar-us). [Gk. ocari, mite.] Mite: 

 a minute spider -like animal, sometimes 

 parasitic, belonging to Arachnida. 



Accipitres, ( ak-si'pi-trez ). [L. accipiler, 

 hawk.] Birds of prey; strong carnivorous 

 birds, such as the eagle, hawk, &c. 



Aoenaphthene, ( a-sen-af then ). [Naphtha, 

 q.v.] A hydrocarbon, found in coal tar, 

 Cia Hio. 



Acephala, (a-se'fa-la). [Gk. a, not; kephale, 

 head.] Molluscs, such as the oyster, that 

 have no bead: mostly marine. 



Acephalocysts, (a-se-fal'o-sistz). [Gk. a, not; 

 kephale, head; kystis, bladder.] Headless 

 hydatids; simple sacs filled with fluid, varying 

 greatly in size, found in bodies of animals; 

 cysts, or larval forms, of cestoid entozost 



Acephalophora, (a-se-fa-lo'fo-ra). [Gk. a, not; 

 kephale, head; pherein, to bear.J A primary 



division of mollusca, including all those 

 having no distinct head. 



Acer, (a'ser). [L. acer, maple.] Maple: a 

 common tree, with fine-grained timber; 

 leaves and seed-vessels of A., found fossil. 



Aceraceae, (a-se-ra'se-e). [Acer, q.v.] Trees, 

 common in Europe, Asia, and N. America, 

 with fine-grained timber, and bark useful 

 for red and yellow dyes. Belong to Sapindales. 



Aceras, (a'ser-as). [Gk. a, not; keras, horn.] 

 Man orchis; a plant, the flowers of which have 

 a grotesque resemblance to the human form. 



Acetabula, (a-set-ab'u-la). [L. acetabulum, 

 goblet or socket.] 1. The sockets in which 

 the hip bones fit, in vertebrate animals. 

 2. Suckers on the tentacles of Cephalopoda. 



Acetabularidse (a-set-ab-u-lar'i-de). [Acet- 

 abulum, q.v.] Marine plants of simple 

 organization. 



Acetabulum, (as-e-tab'u-lum). [L. acetabulum, 

 vinegar bowl. ] The socket of the hip joint. 



Acetal, (a-se'tal). [Acetic acid, q. v.] C 6 H 14 O 2 : 

 a colourless liquid, compound of aldehyd and 

 ether, which becomes acetic acid by the addi- 

 tion of oxygen. 



Acetamide, (a-set'am-id). [Acetic acid, q.v.] 

 C2HsNO : a deliquescent white crystalline 

 substance, having the properties of both base 

 and acid ; one of the monamides. 



Acetanilide, (a-set-an'i-lid). [Acetyl and ani- 

 line, q.v.] CgHgNC^ Aniline, in which one 

 atom of hydrogen is replaced by acetyl. 



Acetates, (as'-e-tats). [Acetic acid, q.v.] Com- 

 pounds of acetic acid with bases. 



Acetene, (as'e-ten). [ Acetic acid, q.v.] Ethen= 

 Olefiant gas=Ethylene, q.v. A combustible 

 gas. 



Acetic acid, (a-set'ik as'id). [L. acetum, vine- 

 gar.] CaS^Oa: a monobasic acid, found in 

 many plants, also obtained from alcohol, 

 wood, &c. ; the base of vinegar. Also called 

 methyloxalic acid, methylformic acid. 



Acetic aldehyde, (a-set'ik al'de-hid)=C ? H 4 O= 

 Aldehyde, q.v. A pungent, volatile, inflam- 

 mable liquid. 



Acetic anhydride, (a-set'ik an-hi'drid). 

 G^eGg. A colourless, pungent, highly re- 

 fracting liquid. 



Acetic ether, (a-set'ik e'ther). C 4 H 8 2 = 

 Ethyl acetate : an odorous acrid liquid. 



Acetic ethers, (a-set'ik e'therz). Compounds 

 of acetic acid and alcoholic radicals. 



Acetic series of acids, (a-set'ik)=Stearic series, 

 having the formula CnHanOa, and including 

 acetic, stearic, formic, and butyric acids. 



Acetimeter, ( a-se-tim'et-er ). [Acetic and 

 meter, q.v.] An instrument for measuring 

 the strength of acetic acids. 



Acetone, (as'e-ton). [Acetic acid, q.v.} C 3 H 6 0: 

 a clear odorous inflammable liquid obtained 

 from gum, sugar, and all acetates. 



Acetones, (as'e-tonz). Ketones : aldehyds in 

 which an atom of hydrogen is replaced by 

 an equivalent of an organic radical. 



Acetonia, ( as-e-to'ni-a ). [Acetone, q.v. ] 

 Acetoiiiue, q.v. 



Acetonic acid, (as-e-ton'ik as'id). C 4 H 8 3 : a 

 compound crystallised monobasic acid,formed 

 by the union of acetone and formic acid. 



