BERGMEHL 



BICABDIAL 



Bergmehl, (berg-mal.) [The Swedish name.] 

 =Mountain meal : a fine earth, found in 

 Sweden, containing remains of Diatomaceaa, 

 and said to be nutritious when mixed with 

 flour. 



Bergylt, ( ber'gilt )=Sebastes norvegicus = 

 Perca marina^Norway haddock. 



Bernicle goose=Clakis=Anser bernicla: visits 

 England only in autumn and winter. 



Berme. A terrace at the foot of the outer 

 side of a pai-apet. 



Bermuda cedar^Juniperus bermudiana. 



Beroe, (ber'o-e). [Classical.] A small phos- 

 phoric marine animal belonging to Actino- 

 zoa. 



Berry, (ber'ri). [Eerie, the A.-S. name.] A 

 fruit, such as the gooseberry, which has seeds 



Berry-bearing alder=Rbamnus frangula: a 

 plant belonging to Rharanaceae. 



Bertsch's machine. An electrical machine, 

 consisting of a plate of Ebonite electrified by 

 induction, and fittings for the production of 

 sparks when the plate is made to revolve. 



Beryl, (ber'il). [Beryllus, the Latin name.] 

 Silicate of aluminium and glucinum: a gem 

 of a rich green colour, which, when very 

 rich in colour, is called an emerald: a mineral 

 of the topaz group. 



Beryllium, (be-ril'ium). [Beryl, q.v.] Another 

 name for Glucinum, q.v. 



Berzelian nomenclature, (ber-zeli-an). [Ber- 

 zelius, a Swedish chemist.] Potassic sulphate 

 for sulphate of potassium; sodic nitrate for 

 nitrate of sodium, &c., &c., the name of the 

 base being used first as an adjective, and 

 that of the acid as a noun. 



Berzelian notation. H^O for water; 863 for 

 sulphuric acid, &c., &c., the given substance 

 being represented by the initials of its con- 

 stituents, and the number of atoms of each 

 expressed by. small numerals. 



Berzelianite, (ber-zeTi-a-nit). [M. Berzelius.] 

 A mineral, chiefly sulphide. 



Berzelite, ( ber'ze-lit ). [ M. Berzelius. ]= 

 Kuhnite: an oxide of arsenic, lime, and 

 magnesia: also used for Mendipite, Petalite, 

 and Thorite. 



Bessemer flame, (bes'se-mer). [Mr. Bessemer, 

 the inventor.] The flame given out during 

 the Bessemer process: at first yellow and 

 slightly luminous, afterwards a long and 

 extremely luminous body of flame. 



Bessemer process. A substitute for puddling 

 and refining, by which cast iron is converted 

 into cast steel, by the removal of all un- 

 necessary carbon; cold air is forced through 

 molten iron until all the carbon is burnt. 



Bessemer ship: in which a saloon is designed 

 to remain horizontal even in a rough sea, 

 being supported on telescopic pneumatic 

 tubes. 



Beta, (be-ta). [1. )3 the second letter in the 

 Greek alphabet; 2. Celt, belt, red; the colour 

 of the root.] 1. Used to represent the second 

 star of each constellation. 2.=Beet: a plant 

 with large succulent root, belonging to 

 Chenopodiacese. 



Betacese, (bS-ta'se-e). [Beta, q.v.] An order 



of plants, of which the beet is the type: now 



included in Chenopodiaceae. 

 Beta-orcein. A homologue of Orcein, q.v., 



obtained from usnic acid. 

 Beta-orsellic acid. A variety of orsellic acid, 



Betelgeuse = Betelgeux = a Orionis: a ruddy 

 star containing no hydrogen, the N.E. star in 

 the quadrilateral of Orion: once red, now 

 orange. 



Betel nut, (bet-1). [P. betel] A compound of 

 areca nut and betel leaves; also = Fruit of 

 piper betel, a plant belonging to Piperacese, 

 the leaves of which are used with the areca nut. 



Betel nut pabn= Areca catechu, the nuts of 

 which are narcotic. 



Beton, (be-ton). [The French name.] A hy- 

 draulic cement. 



Betonica, (be-ton'i-ka)=Betony, q.v. 



Betony, (bet'on-i). [L. betonica; or C. len, 

 head; ton, good.] = Betonica=Stachy's be- 

 tonica: an herb belonging to Fabaceae. 



Bettong, (bet'tong). [Native Australian name.] 

 = Jerboa: a small nocturnal kangaroo, build- 

 ing a nest on the ground. 



Betula, (bet'u-la). [The Latin name.]=Birch: 

 a tree or shrub belonging to Betulacese. 



Betulaceae, ( bet-u-la'se-e ). [Betula, q.v.]= 

 Birch- worts: shrubs and trees belonging to 

 Amentales, including the birch and alder. 



Betulin, (bet'u-lin). [Betula, q.v.] C^H^Og: 

 a resinoid substance obtained from the bark 

 of the birch tree. 



Beudantite. A mineral, chiefly sulphate of 

 lead and iron. 



Bevel wheels. Two intersecting wheels re- 

 volving in different planes. 



Beyrichite, (ba'rik-it). [M. Beyrich.] 



Bezetta. A blue dye, obtained from plants 

 belonging to Chrozophora and Croton. 



Bezoar stones, (bg'zor). [The Persian name.] 

 Concretions, consisting of several concentric 

 waxy layers, found in the stomachs of some 

 goats and other ruminating animals. 



Bezoaric acid=Ellagic acid: so named from 

 being also found in bezoar stones. 



Bhotias. An Asiatic people. 



Bi, (bi). [L. bis, twice.] A prefix, usually 

 meaningtwo: as bimana, two handed; bifacial, 

 with two faces. 



Biauriculate animals, (bl-aw-rik'u-lat). [L. 

 bis, twice; Auricle, q.v.] Term used by Oken 

 for Acephala. 



Biaxial, (bi-ak'si-al). [L. bis, twice; Axis, 

 q.v.] Having two axes. B. crystals: crystals 

 having two optic axes, including the mono- 

 clinic, trimetric, and triclinic crystals. 



Bib, (bib). Whiting pout: a fish=Gadus lusus, 

 q.v. 



Bibasic, (bl-ba'sik). [L. bis, twice; Base, q.v.] 

 Having two atoms of hydrogen, which in. 

 combination are replaced by two equivalents 



Bicarbonate, (bi-kar-bo-nat). [L. bis, twice; 

 Carbonate,] A salt containing two equiva- 

 lents of carbonic acid to one of the base. 



Bicardial animals, (bl-kar'di-al). [L. bis, twice; 

 cardiacus, of the stomach.] Oken's term for 

 Cephalopoda. 



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