BITTACLE 



BLASTEMA 



equivalents of sulphuric acid to one of the 

 base. 



Bittacle, (bit'ta-kl)=Binnacle, q.v. 



Bitter (bit'ter). [Biter, the A.-S. word.] Hav- 

 ing a biting flavour when tasted. B. almond 

 =Amygdalis communis. B. almond, oil of 

 =Benzoyl hydride=C 7 H 6 O: one of the aro- 

 matic aldehyds. B. apple = Cucumis colo- 

 cynthis. B. 6Zain=Vandelia diffosa. B. cress 

 :=Cardamine. B. principle: l.=Carbazotic 

 acid, q.v. 2. Used generally for substances 

 such as absinthin, obtained from vegetables. 

 B. oa=Quercus cerris. B. stceei=Solanum 

 dulcamara. B. spar= A. magnesian mineral; 

 also called dolomite and rhomb spar. B. 

 wood=Xylopia glabra; also=Quassia amara. 



Bittern, ( bit'tern ). 1. = Concentrated sea- 

 water. 2. = Botaurus: a 

 heron-like bird. 



Bitts. (bits). Vertical pro- 

 jections in the deck for 

 securing ropes, &c. 



Bitumen, (bi-tu'men). [L. 

 bitumen, or Gk. pitus, 

 pine tree.] An inflam- 

 mable amorphous mineral 

 substance, of which there 

 are many varieties. Solid 

 B.: Mineral tallow=Hat- Bittern, 



chetin; mineral caoutchouc=Elaterite. Fis- 

 com B. : Mineral tar=Maltha. Liquid B. : 

 petroleum and naptha. 



Bituminous, (bi-tu'min-us). Containing bitu- 

 men. B. coal = Caking coal = Parret coal, 

 cannel coal, &c. 



Biuret, (bi'u-ret)=: C 2 H 5 N 3 2 . H 2 O : a com- 

 pound of cyanuric acid and ammonia. 



Bivalve, ( bi'valv ). [L. bis, twice ; valvce, 

 doors. ]= Lamellibranchi- 

 ata, q.v. Having two 

 valves or plates, as mus- 

 sels, oysters, &c. ; mostly 

 marine, divided intoDim- 

 yary and Monomyary. 



Bixa, (biks'a). [S. Ameri- 

 can name.] A tree belong- 

 ing to Flacourtiacesa. B. 

 ore llana= Arnotto. 



Bixacese. Plants, now included in Flacour- 

 tiacese. 



Bixads, (biks'adz). [Bixa, q.v.] = Flacour- 

 tiacese, q.v. 



Bixin, (biks'in). [Bixa, q.v.] The red colour- 

 ing matter of arnotto, from Bixa orellana. 



Bizcacha. A S. American animal of the rab- 

 bit kind, connecting the Kodeutia with Mar- 

 supialia. 



Black, (blak). [Blaec, the A.-S. word.] Not 

 reflecting light: absorbing all light which 

 falls upon it. B. adiantum =. Asplenium 

 adiantum. B. as/i=Ball soda: impure sodic 

 carbonate. B. band: 1. A carbonaceous iron 

 ore. 2. A variety of chalybite. B. belly = 

 Pterocles arenarius. B. bryony=Ta.m\T.s. B. 

 coc=Tetrao tetrix. B. cap=Motacilla atri- 

 capilla. B. chalk: a mineral, chiefly silicate 

 of alumina and carbon. B.drop: I. A sedative 

 medicine containing morphia. 2. A phenome- 

 non in eclipses of the sun at the instant before 



Bivalve. 



contact, when the two appear connected by 

 a small black body. B. down beds, in Devon- 

 shire, connecting upper and lower cretaceous 

 strata. B. ./is/i=Centrolophus pompilius. B. 

 flux: a deliquescent mixture of carbon and 

 potash, used in smelting. B. ipecacuanha^. 

 Polygola glandulosa. B. jack. l.=Quercu3 

 nigra; 2.=Blende: an ore of zinc. B. lac= 

 Melanorrhcea usitata. B. lead = Graphite, 

 q.v., a variety of carbon. B. marble=An- 

 thraconite. B. mMstard=Brassica nigrus. 

 B. oi!ii;e=Bucida buceras. B. pine=Pin\i3 

 austriaca. B. quitch = Agrostis vulgaris. 

 B. races=Caffres, Hottentots, Negroes, Pa- 

 puans, Andamans. B. s/tagr=Phalacrocorax 

 carboides, a bird. B. scoter-duck=Oidemia. 

 P. snafce-roo=Macrotys racemosa. B. squirrel 

 = Fox squirrel = Sciurus capistratus. B. 

 t/iorn=Prunus spinosa. B. walnut Jug- 

 lans nigra. B. wa(^6=Callicoma serratifolia. 

 B. wadd: an ore of manganese. B. ioood= 

 Melhania melanoxylon. B. water -beetle 

 Hydrous piceus, belongs to Hydrophilidse. 



Blackbeetle=Cockroach. When young quite 

 white. 



Blackberry= Vaccinias. 



Blackbird=Turdus merula. 



Bladder, (blad'der). The membraneous re- 

 ceptacle for the urine secreted by the kid- 

 neys. B. catchfly=Silene inflata. B. chain 

 =Durvillsea utilis. B. locks=M&ria.: a sea- 

 weed. B. n<=Staphylea. B. senna=Colu- 

 tea. J5. seed=Physospermum. B. thread= 

 Macrocystis. B. wrack=Fucus vesiculosus. 

 B. worms=Internal parasites : v. Taeniada. 

 B. icoj-is^Staphyleaceas. 



Blade, (blad). [A.-S. bleed.] Used of any 

 portion which is flat and spread out. B. of 

 leaf, the broad flat part. B. of screw: the 

 broad flat part. J5. 6<me=Scapula, q.v. 



Blainville's classification of animals: 

 Osteozoaria= Vertebrata, 

 Anosteozoaria=Articulata,<fec 

 Malantozoaria^=Cirripedia, &c 

 Malacozoaria=Mollusca, &c. 

 Actinomorpha=: Actinozoaria = Actinia), In- 

 fusoria, &c. 



Blainville's classification of Mammalia; 

 Monodelphia: or placental mammals. 

 Didelphia: all marsupial animals. 

 Ornithodelphia: duck-mole, and porcupine 

 ant-eater only. 



Blaptidae, (blap'ti-de). [Blaps, the typical 

 genus.] A family of beetles belonging to 

 Heteromera. 



Blast, (blast). [A.-S. blast.] A strong cur- 

 rent of air driven through 

 a furnace to increase the 

 heat. Hot B. : a current 

 of heated air. B. furnace, 

 in which iron, &c., is 

 smelted; a very high tem- 

 perature being obtained 

 by forcing in a stream of 

 air. 



Blastema,(blast-5'ma). [Gk. ' 

 blastema. ] = Formative ' 

 material of plants and Blast Furnace, 

 animals : a fluid capable of forming tissues. 



Artiomorpha 



