BOTTOM 



57 



BKACHYTJRA 



Bottom bedSi A term used for Longmynd 

 rocks; also called Lower Cambrian rocks. 



Bottoming. Making a foundation for a road. 



Boulangerite, (boo-lan'jer-it). [M. Boulanger.] 

 A mineral, chiefly a native sulphuret of lead 

 and antimony. 



Boulder, (bSl'der). [F. boule.] Alargewater- 

 M'orn block of stone; usually found to have 

 been moved some considerable distance by 

 ice action, or the movement of glaciers. 



Boulder - formation=Till=Diluvium: due to 

 ice action, composed of sand and clay, con- 

 taining boulders, few fossils; usually differs 

 from Till proper in being of maritime deposi- 

 tion, and marking the termination of glaciers 

 and of the glacial period. 



Boultine, (bol'tin). A convex moulding, form 

 ing a quarter of a circle. 



Bounce, (bouns)=Scyllium catulus; also called 

 the Large spotted Dog Fish. 



Bourbon palm=Latania. 



Bourbouze's machine. A modification of Att- 

 wood's machine. 



Bournemouth beds=Lower Bagshot = Alum 

 Bay beds: sands and claya belonging to 

 Middle Eocene. 



Bournonite, (bour'no-nit). [M. Bournon.]= 

 Endellionite: an antimoniatted ore of lead. 



Bourrans, (boor'ranz). [The Russian name.] 

 A snow-storm blowing from, the N.E.; fre- 

 quent in Russia. 



Bovey-Tracey beds. [B. T. in Devonshire.] 

 Of lignite and clay, belonging to Lower 

 Miocene. 



Bovey coal. A brown variety of coal; chiefly 

 a compound of wood and bitumen: probably 

 the remains of the tree Pinites carbonaceus. 



Bovidse, (bo'vi-d5). [L. bovis, ox.]=0x tribe: 

 a family of animals forming a division of 

 Ruminantia ; also used to include oxen, 

 sheep, goats, deer, giraffes, camels, &c. 



Bovista, (bo-vis'ta). [The Latin form of the 

 German name.]=Bull puff-ball: a fungus ot 

 large size, which, when burnt, gives off smoke 

 having narcotic properties. 



Bow, (bow). [Bug, the German name.] 1, 

 the curved fore part of a vessel. 2. (bq). B. 

 compasses, compasses having a bow-shaped 

 arm, used to draw large circles. B. saw, a 

 flexible saw for cutting along curved lines. 

 B. suspension truss, a bow-shaped beam used 

 to strengthen a girder beam. B. window, a 

 projecting window, forming part of a circle 

 or ellipse. 



Bower, (bow'er).=Morrhuaminuta: also called 

 the Power Cod; the smallest of the Cod 

 family of fishes. B. anchor, the anchor in 

 ordinary use. B. bird = Ptilonorhynchus 

 holosericeus : an Australian bird, which 

 builds a kind of bower with grass. 



Bowsprit, (bo'sprit). [Bow and Sprit.] A 

 spar projecting from the stem of a vessel, to 

 fasten the head sail to. 



Bowstring, (bo'string). A string tightened by 

 the elasticity of a bent bow. B. girder, a 

 girder in the form of a bent bow. B. hemp 

 =Sanseviera. 



Box, (boks). [Pyxos, the Greek name. 1 1. = 

 13uxus, an evergreen plant. 2.=A fish be- 



longing to Sparoidei. B. tree= Eucalyptus, 

 a New Zealand tree. B. coupling, a metal 

 collar or small box used to connect two pieces 

 of machinery. B. <or(oises=Land tortoises= 

 Land turtles : so called because they can 

 withdraw their head and legs into their bony 

 covering, which entirely encloses them. B. 

 staers=Idothea: sessile-eyed crustacean ani- 

 mals, belonging to Isopoda; v. Slaters. B. 

 thorn=Lycinm, a plant belonging to Solan- 

 acese. B. eWer=Acer negundo, a variety of 

 the maple tree=. Negundo. 



Boyeau, (bo-yo'). ?Ihe French word.] A cov- 

 ered trench made during a siege. 



Boyle's fuming liquor. [R. Boyle, English 

 nat. phil.]=Hydrated diammonic disulphido 

 =Monosulphide of ammonium: a fetid oily 

 liquid, which fumes when freshly made ; 

 also called volatile liver of sulphur, and ob- 

 tained as a mixture of several sulphides of 

 ammonium. 



Boyle's law. [R. Boyle, English nat. phil.] 

 =Mariotte's law: that the volume of a gas 

 varies inversely with the pressure to which 

 it is subjected. 



Brachelytra, (brak-e-li'tra). [Gk. brachys, 

 short; Elytra, q.v.]=Hove beetles, a primary 

 division of Coleoptera. 



Brachelytrum, (brak-e-li'trum). [Gk. brachys, 

 short; Elytra, q.v.] A plant belonging to 

 Graminacese. 



Brachial, (brak'i-al). [Gk. brachion, arm.] 

 Connected with the arm. B. artery=Poriion 

 of the axillary artery between the shoulder 

 and elbow. . plexus=The junction of first 

 dorsal and lower cervical nerves, from which 

 issue the nerves of the arm. 



Brachinus, (brak'i-nus). An insect, belong- 

 ing to Coleoptera, which expels an acrid 

 liquid with an explosive sound. 



Brachiolites, (brak'i-o-lits). [Gk. brachion, 

 arm; lithos, stone.] Fossil sponges found in 

 chalk, named from their lateral processes. 



Brachiopoda, (brak-i-op'o-da). [Gk. brachion, 

 arm; pous, foot.]=Lamp shells: a division 

 of Molluscoidea: marine bivalves, of wide 

 range, but rare in British seas ; also called 

 Palliobranchiata; having no separate organs 

 for breathing, locomotion, or sight, but an 

 intestine, and nervous and atrial systems, 

 with two long spiral arms, one on each side 

 of the mouth. 



Brachiurus, ( brak-i-u'rus ). [ Gk. brachys, 

 short; oura, tail.] A short-tailed American 

 monkey, of timid character, living amongst 

 bushes. 



Brachycephalic,(brak-i-sef-al'ik). [Gk. brachys, 

 short; kephale, head.]=Short-headed : term 

 used by Retzius. 



Brachylophis, (brak-il'o-fis). [Gk. brachys, 

 short; l-ophia, neck. ]= Banded Iguana. 



Brachyphyllum, (brak-i-fil'lum). [Gk.bracJiys, 

 short; phyllon, leaf.] An Oolitic conifer. 



Brachypodium, (brak-i-po'di-um. ) [Gk. 

 brachys, short; pous, foot.] A grass plant, 

 belonging to Graminacese, with very short 

 spikelets. 



Brachyura, (brak-i-u'ra.) [Gk. brachys, short; 

 oura,tail.j=Crabs;adivisionofDecapoda/ J j.v. 



