CJECTJM 



65 



CALORIE 



nophiona, q.v. : snake-like reptiles, named 

 from being thought to be blind. 



Caecum, (se-kum). [L. ctecus, blind.] 1. A 

 tube which ends in a closed extremity. 2. A 

 fossil mollusc. 



Caesalpinia, (se-sal-pin'i-a). [Lig. Ccesalpinus.] 

 A plant, belonging to Fabaceae, with gay 

 flowers; mostly S. American, trees. C. Bra~ 

 2iiierms=Brazil-wood. 



Cassia, (se'si-a). [Caesium, q.v.] l.=Cs2O= 

 Oxide of caesium. 2. A plant belonging to 

 Tiliaceae, named after Caesius. 



Caesium, (se/si-um). [L. ccesius, sky blue.] = 

 Cs' ; one of the Alkali metals; a rare metal, 

 whose spectrum has two blue bands. 



Caffeicacid, (ka-fe'ik). [P. caf, coffee.]=C35 

 H3a0 17 : found in coffee; also called caffetanic 

 acid, and chlorogenic acid. 



Caffeine, (ka-fe'm). [F. cafe, coffee.]=Theine 

 =C 8 H 10 N40 2 : a bitter crystalline alkaline 

 base, found in tea, coffee, &c.; a methyl com- 

 pound of theobromine. 



Caffer-bread=:Encephalartos, q.v.: a plant of 

 which the starch is used as a material for 

 bread. 



Cahow, (kaTiow)=Shearwater, q.v. ; a bird of 

 Bermuda. 



Caiman, (ka'man). [The native name.]=Al- 

 ligator palpebrosus: a reptile of Guiana. 



Cainozoic, (ka-no-zo'ik). [Gk. kainos, new; 

 zoon, organic being.]=Tertiary, q.v. 



Cairngorm, (karn'gorm). [Cairngorm Moun- 

 tains, Scotland. ]=Smoky quartz: a crystal- 

 line vitreous variety of native silica. 



Cairns, (karris). [Ir., Gael., and W. earn, 

 heap.] Ancient conical piles of stones. 



Caisson, (kas'son). [F. caisse, case.] 1. A 

 hollow floating dam, used to close an open- 

 ing, such as the entrance to a dock, &c. 2. 

 =Tumbril, q.v. 



Cajeput, oil of, (kaj'e-put). [The native 

 name.] Obtained from Melaleuca cajeputi= 

 Hydrated cajputene: a green coloured oil. 



Cajputene=CioHi6 : a hydrocarbon obtained 

 from oil of Cajeput. 



Cakile, (ka-ki'le). [The Arabic name.]=Sea 

 rocket, q.v. A large herb, found on the sea 

 shore, belonging to Cruciferae. 



Calabash, (kal'a-bash)=Adansonia, q.v. 



Calamaridae, (ka-la-ma'ri-de). [Calamary, q.v.] 

 =Teuthidse, q.v. 



Calamary, (ka-la-mu'ri). [L. calamus, a reed 

 for writing.]=Pen-and-ink nsh=Geoteuthis 

 bollensis=Loligo: found fossil in Lias; also 

 called Squid. 



Calamine, (kal'a-min). [L. calamus, reed.] 

 =Native carbonate of zinc: a mineral which, 

 when melted, often has a reedy appearance; 

 one of the zinc group; also called Zinc-spar. 



Calamint, (kal'a-mint)=Calamintha: an herb 

 or shrub. C. clinopodium=Wild basil. 

 Calamites, (kal'a-mits or kal'a-mi'tez). [L. 

 calamus, reed. ] Calamariae ; reed-like 

 plants, representing Equiseta, found in coal. 

 Calamus, (kal'a-mus). [The Latin name.] 

 A palm tree having a very slender stem. 

 Calcaneum, (kal-ka'ne-um). [L. calx, heel.] 



=Os calcis : the bone of the heel. 

 Calcareous rocks, (kal-ka/re-us). [L. calx, 



lime.] Compounds of lime and carbonic 

 acid, sometimes entirely of shells and corals. 



Calcaria, (kal-ka'ri-a). [L. calx, heel.] Short 

 horny spurs, rudimentary hind limbs in. 

 some snakes. 



Calcedonyr=Chalcedony, q.v. 



Calcic, (kal'sik). [Calcium, q.v.] C. car- 

 bonate =. CaCOs : the chief constituent of 

 shells and coral ; of which marble and Ice- 

 land spar are varieties. C. oxide=Ca.O= 

 Lime : a very infusible white substance, 

 much used as the chief constituent of mortar 

 and cements. 



Calcination, (kal-si-na'shun). [Calcinatio, the 

 Latin word.] Heating, in ordei to drive off 

 needless materials; or to cause combination 

 with oxygen, &c. 



Calcite, (kal'sit). [L. calx, lime.]=Calc spar : 

 native carbonate of lime : a mineral of which 

 there are many varieties, crystallising usually 

 in hexagons. 



Calcium, (kal'si-um). [L. calx, lime.]=Ca" : 

 one of the alkaline earth metals : a yellow 

 malleable metal which decomposes water by 

 contact, and forms the base of lime in all its 

 many and abundant forms. 



Calculus, (kal'ku-lus). [L. calculus, pebble.] 

 l.=Stone. 2. A method of calculation, 

 named from pebbles having been used for 

 counting. 



Calibration, ( kal-i-bra'shun ). [F. calibre, 

 bore.] The measurement of the diameter 

 of tubes. 



Calicifloria=Calyciflorae, q.v. 



Calicophoridae, (kal-i-ko-foi-'i-de). [Calyx, q. r. 

 Gk. phoreo, I bear.] Hydrozoa which have 

 cup-shaped swimming organs. 



Calicium, ( ka-lis'i-um ). [Gk. kahjkion, a 

 little cup.] A name used for fungi-like 

 patches found on damp woods, belonging to 

 Graphidaceao. 



Callan's battery. A galvanic battery consist- 

 ing of plates of zinc in dilute sulphuric acid, 

 and of platanised lead in sulphuric and 

 nitric acids. 



Calling crabs=:Gelasimus, q.v. 



Callithrix, (kal'li-thriks). [Gk. kallos, beauty; 

 thrix, hair.]=Squirrel monkey : Nyctipithe- 

 cina;. 



Callitrichacese, [Gk. kallos, beautiful ; tlirix, 

 hair.]=Star-worts: small water plants, with 

 very small flowers, belonging to Euphorbiales. 



Callorhinus, (kal-lo-rin'us). C. ur sinus : the 

 male six times as heavy as the female. 



Callorhynchus, (kal-lo-rink'us). [Gk. kallos, 

 beauty ; rhynchos, snout.] A fish belonging 

 to Holocephali, which has a large fleshy 

 appendage to the snout. 



Calomel=Hg2Clo=Chloride of mercury. 



Calophyllum, ( kal-o-nTlum ). [Gk. kallos, 

 beautiful ; pTiyllon, leaf.] A tropical plant 

 belonging to Clusiaceae. 



Calorescence, (kal-o-res'enz). [L. caloresco, I 

 grow hot.] The change of invisible into 

 visible heat. cf. Fluorescence. 



Calorie, (kal'o-re). The French thermal unit, 

 the amount of heat required to raise one 

 kilogramme of water one degree centigrade. 

 2'2 thermal units of Britain. 



