Of its surface into steel. C. mate. [The 

 French word.] A 

 chamber within the 

 wall of a fortifica- 

 tion. 



Casein, ( ka'se-in ). 

 fL. caseus, cheese.] 

 The nitrogenous 

 portion of butter, 

 which can be made 

 into cheese, v. Al- 

 buminoid princi- Casemate. 



pies. A I!, Casemate. A gun at B would 



Case-shot. Sand-shot ^Vfagun at c & bar. 



in cylinders : Used bettr', or ojer the parapet D, a 



i-pleiu. 



Cassowary. 



to 300 yards ; 



Shrapnel. 

 Cassiopeia, (kas-si-o-pe'a). [Classical.]=The 



Lady's Chair : a northern constellation in 



which a temporary star appeared from 1572 



to 1574; supposed to have been a star on fire. 

 Cassiterite, ( kas-si-ter'i-te ) = Tin - stone : a 



mineral of the tin group, chiefly peroxide of 



tin, SnCV, crystallising in pyramids. The 



chief tin ore. 

 Cassowary, (kas'so-wa-ri). [Kassuwaris, the 



native name. ] = 



Casuarius galeatus; 



a bird belonging to 



Cursores; found in 



New Guinea. 

 Cassythacese, (kas-i- 



tha'se-e). [Cassy- 



tha, the typical 



genus. ] = Dodder- 

 laurels : parasitic 



leafless tropical 



B'ants, belonging to 

 aphuales. 



Castor, (kas'tor). [The Latin name.] 1.= 

 a Geiuinorum : abi- 

 nary star; one star 

 revolving round 

 the other in about 

 one thousand years. 

 2.=B e aver,g.*. 3. 

 An odorous secre- 

 tion from the bea- 

 ver. C. oil: an oil 

 obtained from the Castor 1 oil Plant 



seeds of Ricinus communis, and other plants. 



Casuarinacece, ( kas-u-a-rin-a'se-e ). [Casua- 

 rina, the typical genus. ]=Beef woods: droop- 

 ing leafless trees, belonging to Amentales. 



Cat, (kat). [The A.-S. name.]=:Felis catus or 

 wild cat, from which our domestic cat is 

 derived. 



Cats A prefix to many names. C. car=Hypo- 

 chaeris. C. eye, a gem: a green variety of 

 quartz. C. foot Antennaria dioica. C. tail 

 =Typha. C. tail-grass=PblQVLna. C. vale- 

 rian All-heal. 



Catalysis, teat-al i-sis). [Katalysis, the Greek 

 word. ] The name used to express chemical 

 . decomposition which requires for its com- 

 mencement the presence of another sub- 

 stance which is not affected by the process. 

 Fermentation is an example of this. 



Catalytic body=Ferment. 



Cataphyllary leaves, ( kat-a-fil'la-ri) . [Gk. 

 kata, down; phyllon, leaf.] Colourless scale- 

 like leaves on underground shoots. 



Cataract, (kat'a-rakt). \Cataracta, the Latin 

 name.] Abodyof water fallingoveraprecipice. 



Catarhina. [Gk. kata, down; rhines, nostrils.] 

 =Ape: a division of the Quadrumana. 



Catctifly, (katch'fli)=Silene: a plant belong- 

 ing to Carophyllacese: named from flies .and 

 other insects being caught by the flowers, 

 either by hairs or viscid secretions. 



Catechu, (kat'e-ku). (Cochin-Chin, cay can.] 

 1.= Acacia catechu. 2. An extract from the 

 plant. 



Caterpillars, (kat'er-pil-larz). [O. Eng. cater- 

 piller.] Elongated worm- 

 like bodies, with soft leath- 

 ery covering; the larvae of 

 holometabolic insects. 



Catharina, A crater in tho 

 moon, 65 miles in diameter. 



Catharization, (kath-a-ri-za- Caterpillar, 

 shun). [Gk. ka.tha.rizo, I clean.]=Clcansing 

 thoroughly. 



Cathetometer. A graduated scale, with a 

 eliding telescope, for the measurement of 

 small vertical distances. 



Catkin, (kat'kin). An inflorescence resem- 

 bling the spike, in form like a cat's tail, as 

 in the birch tree. 



Catmint=Nepeta cataria : a plant belonging 

 to Labiatse. 



Catoptrics, (kat-op'triks). [Gk. katoptron, 

 mirror.] The science of the laws governing 

 the reflection of light. C. telcscope=ne&ect- 

 ing telescope, q.v. 



Cat's ear=Hypochgeris. 



Cat's eye. A gem : a greenish transparent 

 variety of quartz, found in . Ceylon and 

 Hindostan. 



Cat's foot= Antennaria dioica. 



Cat squirrel=Sciurus cinereus. 



Cat's tail=Typha. C. prass=Phleum. 



Caucalis, (kaw'ka-lis). [The Greek name.]= 

 Bur parsley, &c. : a plant belonging to 

 Apiacese. 



Caudal, (kaw'dal). [L. cauda, tail.] Re- 

 lating to the tail. C. /n=Tail : a variety 

 of median fin, vertical, and the chief organ 

 of locomotion in fishes. 



Caudate, (kaw'dat). [L. cauda, tail.] =Caudal : 

 belonging to the tail. 



Caulescent, (kaw-les'ent). [L. caulis, stem.] 

 Having an herbaceous stem. 



Caulking-, (kaw'king). Closing seams and 

 joints by forcing in oakum tightly. 



Caustic, (kaw'stik). A term in chemistry., 

 applied to substances that burn the skin. 

 C. sotta = Sodic hydrate. C. potash = Po- 

 tassic hydrate, q.v. Lunar C.^Nitrate of 

 silver. 



Caustics, (kaw'stiks). [Gk. kaustikos, burn- 

 ing.] A term in optics. C. by refraction: a 

 luminous curve formed by a number of re- 

 fracted rays. C. by reflection: the luminous 

 curved surface formed by the intersection of 

 a number of rays of light reflected from a 

 concave surface. 



