CffiNOPITHECUS 



81 



COLUMBIDJE 



Coenopithecus, (se-no-pi-the'kus). [Gk. koinos, 

 social; pithekos, ape.] An ape-like animal, 

 found fossil in Middle Eocene beds; the old- 

 est known quadrumanous animal. 



Coenosarc, (se'no-sark). [Gk. koinos, common; 

 sarx, flesh.] The common stem by which 

 the separate individuals of compound Hy- 

 drozoa are united. 



Ccenurus, (se-nu'rus). [Gk. koinos, common; 

 oura, tail.] A hydatid, found in sheep; a 

 nurse form of a tape-worm. 



Coerulein, (se'ru-lin). [L. ccerulus, deep blue.] 

 =CigHio06 : a blue dye-stuff, obtained from 

 gallein. 



Coffea, (kof'fe-a). [Corruption of the Arabic 

 name, Qahuah.] A 

 plant belonging to 

 Rubiacere. C. Ara- 

 bica: the only culti- 

 vated species. 



Coffee=(koffe). [Cof- 

 fea, q. v. ] =The ground 

 seeds of Coffea Ara- 

 bica. 



Coffer - dam, ( kof'fer- 

 dam). An inclosure 

 of wood, earth, or Coffee-plant 



both, made in deep water, to enable the in- 

 closed space to be kept dry; used in building 

 foundations for piers, <fec. ' 



Coffin bone, Distal phalanx of the foot, in the 

 horse. 



Cog, (kog). [The Welsh name.] A small pro- 

 jection in machin- 

 ery, used to impart 

 motion. C. wheel: a 

 wheel having cogs 

 on its circumfer- 

 ence. 



Coggia's Comet = 

 III. 1874: the third 

 comet observed in 

 the year 1874. 



Coir, (kolr). The rough fibrous covering of 

 the cocoa nut, used for matting, ropes, &c. 



Coke, (kok). [Kokc, the German name.] Car- 

 bon, with a small admixture of minerals, 

 obtained from coal by the removal, by heat, 

 of the more volatile constituents. 



Cohesion, (ko-he'zhun). [L. coluereo, I cling 

 to.] The form of molecular attraction which 

 keeps two molecules of any body together; 

 strong in solids, weak in liquids. 



Colatitude. The distance of a place from the 

 nearest pole=90- latitude. 



Colchicum, (kol'chi-kum). [Classical. ]=Mea- 

 dow saffron: a plant belonging to Liliacese. 



Cold, (kold). [Ceald, the A.-S. name.] The 

 absence of heat; absolute cold is the absolute 

 absence of the molecular motion called heat 

 =Absolute rest. 



Coleoptera, ( kol-e-op'ter-a ). [ Gk. koleos, 

 sheath; pteron, wing.]=Beetles, &c. : a prim- 

 ary division of insects, in which the front 

 wings are hardened and cover the hinder 

 ones. 



Collapsing, (kol-laps'ing). [L. collabor, I fall 

 down.] Term used when a steam boiler is 

 broken, through the pressure of steam, &c., 



within being less than the external pressure 

 of air. 



Collar, (kollar). [L. collum, neck.] C. beam: 

 a variety of the tie beam. C. 6o/ie=Clavicle, 

 q.v. 



Collas. An American race. 



Collemaceae, (kol-le-ma'se-e). A sub-division 

 of Lichens. 



Collidine, Ckol'li-dm)=C 8 HnN: a base of the 

 Pyridine series; an alkaloid obtained from 

 shale and from bones. 



Colligate, (kol'li-gat). [L. colligare, to bind 

 together.] An associated organic compound. 



Collimator, ( kol-lim-a'tor ). ' [L. con, with; 

 limes, limit.] Fine threads crossing the 

 aperture of a telescope, &c. , to mark its exact 

 centre. 



Collimation, (kol-li-ma'shun). [L. con, with; 

 limes, limit.] The exact determination of 

 the position of a star, &c., by means of fine 

 lines across the object-glass of a telescope. 



Collodion, (kol-16'di-on). [Gk. kolla, glue.] 

 A solution of gun-cotton in ether and alco- 

 hol, forming a transparent, sensitive, mem- 

 braneous substance, much used in photo- 

 graphy. 



Colloids, (koHoidz). [Gk. kolla, glue; eidos, 

 form.] A general name for substances which 

 resemble glue in character ; unite readily 

 with crystalloids; do not crystallise. 



Colon, (ko'lon). [Gk. kola, pi. of kolon, in- 

 testines.] The large intestine, which first 

 ascends from the junction of the small in- 

 testines, and then descends to the rectum. 



Colonnade, (kol-ou-ud'). [F. colonne, column.] 

 A series of columns supporting a roof. 



Colophene, (kol'o-fen). [Colophony, q.v.] A 

 modified form of oil of turpentine. 



Colophonite, (kol'o-fo-mt). [Colophony, q.v.] 

 A dark-coloured variety of garnet, named 

 from its colour. 



Colophony, (kol'o-fo-ni). [Kolophon, a town 

 in Asia Minor. ]=Common resin; obtained 

 from turpentine. 



Colour, (kul'or). [Color, the Latin word.] Ad- 

 jective C.: a dye-stuff that requires the use of 

 a mordant. Substantive C.: a dye-stuff with 

 which no mordant is required. Simple C.: 

 one that cannot be decomposed. Comple- 

 mentary C. the one needed to produce white 

 when mixed with a given colour. Ex. , Green 

 and red; orange and blue; yellow and indigo, 

 are complementary to each other. C. disease 

 = Achromatopsy, q.v. C. of a note=Tini\>re, 

 q.v. C. of animals; no white wild bird or 

 mammal in Europe, except Arctic; tropical 

 birds chiefly green; birds building closed 

 nests are usually gaily coloured in both sexes. 



Coluber, (kol'u-ber). [The Latin name.]= 

 Adder: a snake belonging to Colubrina,. 



Colubridae=Colubrina: a primary division of 

 Ophidia or snakes, including boas, pythons, 

 and vipers. 



Columba Noachi, Noah's dove: one of the 

 southern constellations, of small extent. 



Columbacei, (kol-um-ba'se-i). [L. columba, 

 dove.]=Columb8e=ColumbidaB : doves and 

 pigeons; birds belonging to Rasores. 



Columbidse, ( kol-um'bi-de ). [L. columba, 



