ESPLANADE 



121 



EUCALYPTUS 



Esplanade, (es-pla-nad'). [The French word.] 

 An open space adjoining a fortification or 

 enclosed by it. 



Esquimaux, (es'ki-m<5). A race of people in- 

 habiting Arctic America and Greenland. 



Essence, (es'sens). [Essentia, the Latin word.] 

 The concentrated material of any substance, 

 purified from all other matters, often found 

 as a hydrocarbon, and called an essential oil, 

 q.v. ; also with oxygen or sulphur as a consti- 

 tuent. E. of camomile U^H-fr E. qf garlic 

 =(C 3 H 5 ) 2 S. E. oj melons=A.n ethyl com- 

 pound of an acid of cocoa-nut oil. E. of 



<?tmice.sr=ii 222 , - 



Essential oils, (es-sen'shi-al). [Essence, q.v.] 

 = Volatile oils : usually the distinctive 

 compound of the plant whence obtained; 

 harsh-feeling, inflammable oily substances, 

 usually liquid, and lighter than water, com- 

 posed of stearopten, a solid, and elceopten, a 

 liquid. 



Etching, (ech'ing). [Atzung, the German 

 word.] A method of engraving on metal or 

 glass, by exposing it to the vapour of fluoric 

 acid, which eats it away. The plate is covered 

 by a coating of wax through which the pattern 

 is cut. 



Etesian wind, (e-te'zi-an). A cool N.E. wind 

 blowing in the Mediterranean. 



Ethacetic acid, ( e-tha-se'tik ).' [ Ethal and 

 Cetic.]=C 4 H 8 O 2 =Butyric acid, q.v. 



Ethal, (e'thal). [The French name.^C^H^O 

 = Cetyl alcohol, a monatomic alcohol, ob- 

 tained from spermaceti 



Ethalic acid, (e-thal'ik). [Ethal, q.v. ]=C 16 H32 

 O 2 = Palmitic acid, q.v. 



Ethalone, (e'tha-lon). [Ethal, g.v.]=Palmi- 

 tone, q.v. ; also called Cetylone. 



Ethalol=Ceterie, q.v. 



Ethalyl, (e-tha-lil). [Ethal, <?.v.]=Cetyl, q.v. 



Ethamine, (e'tha-mIn)=Ethylamine, q.v. 



Ethene, (e'then). C 2 H 4 := Ethylene, q.v. 



Ethenides=Primary Nuclei. 



Ether, (e'ther). [The French word.] 1 .= 

 (C 2 Hg) 2 O=Vinic ether=Ethylic ether=Sul- 

 phuric ether= Alcohol - Water = Oxide of 

 ethyl: a colourless, volatile, very inflam- 

 mable liquid obtained by action of sulphuric 

 acid on alcohol, formerly much used as an 

 anaesthetic. 2. A hypothetical fluid of infi- 

 nite thinness, the vibrations of which cause 

 the sensation of light, v. Luminiferous ether. 

 Compound E. =Ether+an anhydrous ether= 

 Ammoniacal salts. Double E. = Mixed ethers. 

 ex. Methyl-amyl ether=CH3,C 5 Hii,O. 



Ethers, (e'therz). [Ether, 5.v.J=(CnH 2 ii+i) 2 O: 

 volatile liquids = Compounds of alcoholic 

 radicles, with electro-negative radicles. 

 Simple E. = Oxides of organic radicles. 

 Confound E. = Salts of organic radicles. 

 Haloid ^,=Compounds of organic radicles, 

 with chlorine, bromine, iodine, &c. 



Ethereal salts, (e-the're-al). [Ether, q.v.] 

 Compound ethers, q.v. 



Etherene, (e'ther-en). [Ether, g.v.]=Ethy- 

 lene, q.v 



Etherification, (e-ther-if-i-ka'shun). [Ether, 

 q.v. ; L. facio, I make.] Conversion of an 

 alcohol into an ether. 



Etherin. A crystalline substance obtained 

 from heavy oil of wine. 



Etherol, (e'ther-ol). [Ether, 9.v.]=C 16 H 32 = 

 Light oil of wine. 



Ethine, (e'thm). [Ether, Q.r.]=Acetylene, q.v. 



Ethionic, (G-thi-on'ik). [Ether, q.v. ; and Oik. 

 thcion, sulphur.] Compounded of ether and 

 sulphuric acid. E. an//?/cfrte=C 2 H 4 2S0 3 = 

 Sulphate of carbyle. E. acid=C 2 H 6 S 2 O 7 . 



Ethiops mineral, (e'thi-ops.) [Gk. ait ho, I 

 burn; ops, eye]=Hg 2 S=Mercurous sulphide, 

 named from its black colour. 



Ethmoid, (eth'moid). [Gk. ethmos, sieve; 

 eidos, form.] A complex sieve-like bone, 

 between the skull and the face, through 

 orifices in which the olfactory nerve goes to 

 the nose. 



Ethnical, ( eth'ni-kal ). [Gk. ethnos, race.] 

 Connected with ethnology. 



Ethnography, ( eth-nog'ra-fi ). [Gk. ethnos, 

 race, grapho, I write.] The description of 

 the various races of mankind. 



Ethnology, (eth-nol'o-ji). [Gk. ethnos, race; 

 logos, discourse.] The science of the various 

 races of mankind. 



Ethnologist, (eth-nol'o-jist). [Ethnology, q.v.] 

 A student of ethnology. 



Ethyl, (e'thil). [Ether, g.v.]=(C 2 H 5 ) 2 =Et.= 

 E.=Butyl hydride; the radicle of ether=An 

 odorous inflammable gas, acting as a com- 

 pound radicle ; also called Quartane and 

 Deutylen. E. acetate= Acetic ether. E. al- 

 cohol = C 2 HgO = Alcohol, q.v. E. cacodyl 

 = Arsendiethyl. E. carbamides = Ethyl- 

 ureas; v. Urea. E. ether (C 2 H 5 ) 2 = E. 

 oxide=Ether, q.v. E. oxide-=^Ei. ether, q.v. 



Ethylamine. (e-thil'a-min). [Ethyl and Amiue, 

 q.v.] = C^H^: A transparent colourless 

 liquid: ammonia, in which one-third of the 

 hydrogen has been replaced by ethyl; also 

 called Ethylamide and Ethylammonium. 



Ethylene, (e'thi-len). [Ethyl, g.v.]=C 2 H 4 = 

 Olefiant gas=Elayl Ethene. A combustible 

 gas, forming one of the chief elements of coal 

 gas: the representative of the olefines. E. 

 series=Olefines, q.v. 



Ethylenia, (e-thi-le'ni-a). [Ethylene, q.v.] 

 (C 2 H4)H 4 N 2 =Ethylene diamine, a base ob- 

 tained from ethylene compounds=Formylia. 



Ethylia, (e-thi'li-a). [Ethyl, g.v.]=(C 2 H 5 )H 2 X 

 =Ethylamine, q.v.: the vapour of which 

 is inflammable; one of the primary mona- 

 mines. Di - E. = (O>H 5 ) 2 HN. Tri-E. = 



Ethylic, (e-thi'lik). [Ethyl, q.v.] Connected 



with ethyl. 

 Etiolate, (e'ti-o-lat). [R etolier.] To blanch 



or whiten plants by shutting out the light 



of the sun. 

 Etruscan, (6-trus'kan). [Etruria, the ancient 



name of Tuscany.] Belonging or related to 



the province of Italy now called Tuscany. 

 Eucalyn, (uka-lin). [Eucalyptus, q.v.]= 



CgH^Og: a saccharine substance obtained 



from eucalyptus. 

 Eucalyptol, (u-kal-ip'tol). [Eucalyptus, q.v.] 



=Ci 2 II 2 oO: An oil obtained from eucalyptus. 

 Eucalyptus, ( u-ka-lip'tus ). [Gk. eu, well; 



kalypto, I cover.] An Australian plant be- 



