FIB 



129 



FLAG 



Fir-tree. 



Fir, (fer). [A.-S. /rfc.]=Pinus: a tree be- 

 longing to Coniferse, 

 Q.V.; also called Abies. 

 Norway F. = Abies-ex- 

 celsa. Silver F. Abies 

 Picea. F. rapes=.Mono- 

 tropacese. 



Tire, (fir). [Fyr, the 

 A.-S. word.] F. damp=: 

 Carburetted hydrogen 

 and air, which takes 

 fire with explosive viol- 

 ence. F. 6irrf=Balti- 

 more oriole. F. blende 

 =-Pyrostilpnite. F. 

 clay: a variety of clay 

 free from alkaline earth, which therefore 

 resists the action of heat. v. Dinas and 

 Stourbridge F. files; glow-worm, &c. v. 

 Lampyrida;. F. taite=Chrysidid8e: insects 

 parasitic in nests of other insects. F. tree= 

 Nuytsia floribunda, named from its bright 

 orange blossoms. 



Firkin, (fer'kin). [A.-S. fewer, fourth part,.] 

 A small cask containing nine gallons ; named 

 from being the fourth part of a barrel. 

 Firolidse, (fi-rol'i-de). Gaskeropods with veiy 

 large bodies, and either very small shells or 

 none. 



Fischerite, (fis'ser-it). A. mineral, chiefly 

 phosphate of aluminum. 

 Fish, (fish). [Fisc, the A.-S. name.] A 

 vertebrate, oviparous, cold-blooded animal, 

 adapted to aquatic life ; breathing by means 

 of gills, and moving by means of fins. Elec- 

 tric F., v. Electric. F. a#g=Devonian. F. 

 Zice=Cymothoa : a small sessile-eyed crusta- 

 cean, belonging to Isopoda. 

 Fisher-eaglez=Haliaetus maei=Palco maei : 

 a bird of prey belonging to Falconidae. 

 Fishes. Fossil remains of fishes very plenti- 

 ful in Devonian rocks ; not found in rocks 

 older than Ludlow : no order of fishes is 

 entirely fossil. Classified by Cuvier as 



Chondropterygii. 



Acanthoptery. 



Malacopterygii. 

 By Huxley 



PharyngobranchiL 



Marsipobranchii. 



Teleostei. 



Ganoidei. 



Elasmobrauchii. 



Dipnoi 

 By Muller 



Leptocardia. 



Cyclostomata. 



Teieostei. 



Ganoidei. 



Selachia. 



Fish-eye-stone=Apophyllite, q.v. 

 Fishing frog=Lophius piscatorius. 

 Fissilinguia, (fis-si-ling'wi-a). [L. fissus, split ; 

 lingua, tongue.] A term used for lizards 

 which have bifid tongues. 

 Fission, (fis'shun). [L.fissura, cleft.] Multi- 

 plication by division, v. Keproduction. 

 Fissiparity, (fis-si-par'i-ti). [L. fissus, split ; 

 pario, I bear.]=Fissiparous generation : a 



variety of gemmation , q. v. e.g. , in Annellata, 

 in which a number of consecutive individuals 

 appear in a connected .row, the last only 

 being sexual. 



Fissiparous, (fis-sip'a-rus). [L. fissus, split; 

 pario, I bring forth.] Asexual generation, 

 in which the body of one animal splits into 

 two. 



Fissipedia, ( fis-si-ped'i-a ). [L. fissus, split; 

 pes, foot.]=Cats, dogs, bears, &c.; carnivor- 

 ous terrestrial quadrupeds, having the toes 

 free from each other, forming a sub-division 

 of Carnivora, q.v. 



Fissirostres, (fis-si-ros'tres). [L. fissus, split ; 

 rostram, beak.] Swallows: a sub-division of 

 Insessores. 



Fissura, (fis-su'ra). [The Latin word.] v. 

 Fissure. F. C7asseri=Glasserian fissure, q.v. 

 F. -RoZnrfi=Roland's fissure, q.v. F. Sylvii 

 = Fissure of Sylvius. 



Fissure, (fish'ur). [Fissura, the Latin word.] 

 A narrow cleft. Glasserian F.=in the ear. 

 Roland's F.=in the brain. F. of Sylvius: a 

 deep groove in the upper surface of the brain, 

 sepai'ating the anterior and middle portions. 



Fistularidse, (fis-tu-lar'i-de). [L. fistula, pipe.] 

 =Pipe mpuths=:Apodoxis Echinodermata : 

 animals with worm-like bodies, connecting 

 Echinodermata with Annelida, and thus 

 connecting Radiata with Annulosa. 



Fitzgerald's sounding machine. A modifica- 

 tion of the Bull-dog machine, used for deep- 

 sea sounding, q.v. Used in the " Lightning " 

 expedition in 1868. 



Fitzinger's classification of animals: 

 Yertebrata, having animal organs 

 Mammalia. 

 Birds. 

 Reptiles. 

 Fishes. 



Evertebrata, having vegetable organs 

 Arthrozoa. 



Dermatozoa=Mollusca. 

 Pbysiozoa. 

 Gasterozoa, q.v. 



Fitzroy barometer. A modification of the 

 siphon barometer, q.v. 



Fixed. F. air: an old name for carbonic an- 

 hydride: COg. F. liquids, which cannot be 

 vaporised by heat, owing to decomposition 

 taking place. F. oils : those which are not 

 volatilised by heat below 450 F.; v. oils. F. 

 stars: those that always occupy the same 

 places in the heavens, and whose relative 

 positions do not change, excepting within 

 very narrow limits; one of the nearest to us, 

 61 Cygni, is 59 billions of miles distant. 



Flacourtia, (fla-kor'ti-a). [M. Flacourt.] A 

 plant, the type of Flacourtiaceae. 



Flacourtiaceae, (fla-kor'ti-a'se-e). [Flacourtia, 

 <7.-!;.]=Bixads: shrubs and trees with leathery 

 leaves and axillary flowers, belonging to 

 Violales, found chiefly in E. and W. India 

 and Africa. 



Flag, (flag). [From flag, to hang down.] The 



popular name of several water-side plants. 



Yellow F.=Iris pseudacorus. Sweet F.= 



Acorus. F. sfone=Laminated sandstone. 



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