FULMINATING 



136 



FTJllFUROL 



Dating 8ilver=Ag 2 C 2 N2O 2 . Mercuric F.= 

 Fulminating mercury=HgC2N2O2. 



Fulminating pane: Glass plate, coated on 

 each side with tin-foil, which, when electri- 

 fied, can be discharged with a spark: a modi- 

 fication of the Leyden jar. 



Fulminic acid, (fol-min'ik). [L. falmen, thun- 

 der. ]=C2H 2 N2O2 = Fulminate of hydrogen: 

 not known separately from Fulminates, q.v. 



Fulminuric acid, (fol-min-u'rik). [Fulminic, 

 Q.v.]=C3H 3 N 3 O3=Isocyanuric acid: an an- 

 hydrous crystalline substance obtained from 

 fulminic acid. 



Fulminose, (fdl-min'os). Cellulose modified 

 by heat 



Fulminurates, (fSl-min-u'rats). [Fulminuric, 

 q.v.] Salts of fulminuric acid. 



Fumaramide, (fu'ma-ra-mid). [Fumaryl and 

 Amide, g.v.]:=:C4HgN 2 O 2 : Ammonia in which 

 one-third of the hydrogen has been replaced 

 by furaaryl. cf. Fumarimide. 



Fumarates, ( f u'ma-rats ). [Fumaric, q.v.] 

 Salts of fumaric acid. 



Fumaria, (fu-ma'ri-a). [L. fumus, smoke. ]= 

 Fumitory : an herb, with small flower, be- 

 longing to Fumariacese, named from its un- 

 pleasant odour. 



Fumariaceae, ( fu-ma-ri-a'se-e ). [Fumaria, 

 g.v.]=Fume-worts: brittle herbs, with irre- 

 gular flowers, belonging to Berberales. 



Fumaric acid, (fu'ma-rik). [Fumaria, q.v.] 

 =Boletic acid = C4H 4 O 4 ; a crystalline acid 

 substance, which exists in Fumaria and 

 other plants ; also called Lichenic acid and 

 Paramaleic acid. F. series = CuH 2 n-4O4= 

 Fumaric and Maleic acids ; Citraconic, Ita- 

 conic, and Mesaconic acids. 



Fumarimide, (fu'ma-ri-mid). [Fumaryl and 

 Imide, q.v.]=C^Hz02'. ammonia, in which 

 two-thirds of the hydrogen is replaced by 

 fumaryl. cf. Fumaramide. 



Fumarine, (fu'ma-rln). [Fumaria, q.v.] A 

 crystalline base found in Fumaria. 



Fumarole, (fu'ma-rol). [Fumerolle, the French 

 word.] An opening in a volcanic district, 

 whence escapes smoke, mud, &c. 



Fumaryl, (fu'ma-ril). [Fumaria, .v.] = 

 C 4 HoO 2 : the radicle of fumaric acid, &c. 



Fuming, (fu'ming). [L. fumus, smoke.] Giv- 

 ing forth vapour. F. liquor of Eoyle=A. 

 compound of sulphides of ammonium. F. 

 liquor of Cadet=A compound of cacodyl and 

 oxide of cacodyl. F. liquor of Libavius=. 

 Tetrachloride of tin. 



Funaria, (fu-na'ri-a). An Urn-moss: a plant 

 belonging to Bryaceaa. F. hydrometrica= 

 Cord-moss. 



Function, ( fungk'shun ). [L. functio, per- 

 formance.] 1. A function of a quantity is 

 some other and dependent quantity ; thus 

 the diameter of a circle is a function of 

 the radiris. Ax is a function of x, &G. 2. 

 The use to which any organ is adapted. 



Fungales, (fun-ga'lez). [Fungi.] = Blights, 

 mildews, toadstools, &c.: cellular flowerless 

 plants, living on decaying organic substances 

 only, and propagated by spores ; belonging 

 to Algales. Grow and decay rapidly, have no 

 chlorophyll ; do not require light in growth. 



Fungi, (fun'ji). [Fungus, the Latin word.] = 

 Fungales, q.v. 

 Lindley's classification ofF.: 



Hymenomycetes=Mushrooms, &c. 

 Gastromycetes = Puff-balls, &c. 

 Coniomycetes =Mildew, smut, &c. 

 Hyphomycetes =Moulds, &c. 

 Ascomycetes =Truffles, &c. 

 Physomycetes = Moulds, &c. 

 Bach's classification of F. '. 

 Phycomycetes. 

 Hypodermiaae. 

 Basidiom ycetes. 

 Ascomycetes. 



Fries's classification of F. : 

 Hymenomycetes. 

 Pyrenomycetes. 

 Gasteromycetes. 

 Coniomycetes. 



Fungi are also divided into Sporifera-=. Spore- 

 bearing, and <Sporidu/era:=Sporidia-bearing. 

 Parasitic F. = Dry-rot, corn-blight, smut, 

 ergot, mildew, &c. Phosphorescent F. = 

 Rhizomorpha, Agaricus (some species of), &c. 

 Fungia, (fun'ji-a). [Fungi, q.v.] A family of 

 coral polyps, which resemble fungi. 

 Fungic acid, (fun'jik). [Fungus, q.v.] Found 

 in many fungi: probably a compound of 

 other acids, such as the malic and citric, &c. 

 Fungoid, (fun'goid). [Fungus, q.v. ; Gk. cidos, 

 form.] Fungus-like: resembling mushrooms 

 or other fungi. 



Fungology, (fun-gol'o-ji). [Fungus, q.v.; Gk. 

 logos, discourse. ]=Mycology: the science of 

 fungi, their nature and classification. 

 Fungus, (fung'gus). [The Latin word.] Sin- 

 gular of Fungi, q.v. 



Funicular, (fu-nik'u-lar). [L. funiculus, thin 

 rope.] Slender, cord-like: used for slender 

 processes in plants, animals, &c. F. curve 

 Catenary: the curve in which a perfectly 

 flexible cord would hang when suspended by 

 its extremities. 



Funkite, (fun'kit). A variety of pyroxene. 

 Fur, (fer), [Fourrure, the French word.] 

 1. The soft hairy covering of such animals 

 as the beaver and sable: used as a covering 

 in cold climates, because it conducts heat but 

 very slightly. 2. An incrustation, chiefly 

 carbonate of lime, gradually formed in any 

 vessel in which calcareous water is boiled. 

 Fur-bearing animals, Beaver, ermine, fox, 



hare, marten, sable, seal, stoat, <fec. 

 Furculum, (fer'ku-lum). [D. furca, fork.] 

 The V-shaped bone formed by the union of 

 the clavicles: in birds, called the merry- 

 thought. 



Furfuramide, (fer-fer'a-mld). [Furfurol and 

 Amide, q.v.} =. CisHjaNoOs : a solid com- 

 bustible substance obtained from furfurol: 

 the amide of furfurol. 



Furfuria, (fer-fer'i-a). [Furfurol, q.v.]=Fnr- 

 furinr=C;t5Hi 2 N 2 03 : a crystalline alkaline 

 base obtained from furfurol. 

 Furfurol, (fer'fer-ol). [L. furfur, bran; oleum, 

 oil.]=C5H 4 2 ; a volatile aromatic oil, ob- 

 tained from sugar, starch, bran, &c., by 

 treating with dilute sulphuric acid. The 

 aldehyde of pyromucic acid. 



