INTTLIN 



184 



IRON 



Inulin, (in'u-lin). [Inula, q.v.] 1. A substance 

 closely resembling starch and sugar, found 

 in cell sap. 2. A volatile oil from Inula 

 helenium. 



Inundation mud=Loess, q.v. 



Inuus, (in'u-us). [The Latin name.] = Maca- 

 cus: a monkey, found in India, Africa, and 

 at Gibraltar. The Barbary ape and Indian 

 monkey belong to Macacus. 



Inverse, (in-vers'). [Inversus, the Latin 

 word.] Reversed. 7. proportion, v. Ratio. 

 1. ratio, v. Ratio. 



Inversion, (in-ver'shun). [Inverse, q.v.] Re- 

 versal. 1. In mathematics : the reversal of 

 an operation. 2. In music: the change made 

 by raising or lowering one of two given notes 

 an octave. 



Invertebrate. [L. in, not; Vertebrata, Q.v.] 

 Animals having no backbone or spinal 

 column, and, usually, a body of but one tube. 

 Classifications of I. 



1. Mollusca. Annuloida. 

 Annulosa. Coelenterata. 



Protozoa. 



2. By Huxley 

 Mollusca. Annulosa. 

 Mollnscoida. Annuloida. 

 Coelenterata. Infusoria. 



Protozoa. 



Palaeozoic L can now be classed under exist- 

 ing divisions; but when existing were pro- 

 bably not so distinctly separated as their 

 modern representatives. /. Lit/tichnozoa, v. 

 Lithichnozoa. 



Inverted. /. sugar: an uncrystallisable 

 variety of sugar, named from causing left- 

 handed rotation of polarised light. v. 

 Polarization. 



Involucrum, ( in-vo-lu'krum ). [The Latin 

 word.] A whorl of bracts, surrounding a 

 group of flowers. 



Involute, (in'vo-lut). [L. in,, into; volvo, I 

 roll.] The curve described by the end of a 

 string which is unwound from the circum- 

 ference of a curve and kept stretched, c/. 

 Evolute. /. teeth: teeth having the form of 

 involutes to the surface on which they are 

 placed. /. of a circle: when the curve from 

 which the string is unwound is a circle. 



Involution, (in-vo-lu'shun). [Involutio, the 

 Latin word.] The formation of the powers 

 of any number by its multiplication the re- 

 quired number of times, c/. Evolution. 



lo, (i'6). [Classical.] 1. No. 85 of the Minor 

 Planets. 2. One of the satellites of Jupiter. 



lodamides, (i-od'a-midz). [Iodine and Amide, 

 c.t>.]=Iodammoniums: compounds of iodine 

 and ammonia, mostly explosive. 



lodammonium, ( i-od-a-Eao'ni-um ) = NH 3 I= 

 Iodide of ammonium. 



lodates, (i'6-dats). [lodic, q.v.] Compounds 

 of iodic acid and a base. 



lodic acid, (i-od'ik). [Iodine, g.-.]-=HIO 3 = 

 Hydric iodate: an acid compound of hydro- 

 gen, iodine, and oxygen. Per 7.=HIO4. 



Iodides, (i'6-di-dz). [Iodine, q.v.] Compounds 

 of iodine and other elements, all solids. 

 /. of nitrogen=A.n explosive compound. 



Iodine, (i'o-din). [Gk. iodes, violet.]=F: a 



volatile, solid, elementary substance, ob- 

 tained from sea-weeds, sponges, &c. ; one of 

 the Halogens, q.v. 



lodoform, (i-od'o-form). [Iodine and Formyl, 

 Q.v.]=CHl3: a solid compound of carbon, 

 hydrogen, and iodine, analogous to chloro- 

 form, q.v. 



lodyrite, (i-od'i-rlt). [Iodine, q.v.] A mineral, 

 chiefly iodine and silver, found in soft, trans- 

 lucent plates. 



lolite, (i'o-lit). A mineral, chiefly silicate of 

 aluminum, iron, and magnesium. Hydrous 

 7.=Fahlunite. 



lones, (i'onz). [Gk. ion, going.] The sub- 

 stances resulting from decomposition by 

 Electrolysis, v. Anione and Katione. 



Ionic, (i-o'nik). [Ionia, in Greece.] One of 

 the orders of Grecian t== 

 architecture, q.v. 



Ipecacuanha, (ip-e-kak- 

 u-an'a). [The Brazilian 

 name.] An emetic drug, 

 obtained from the root 

 of Cephaelis ip. 7. of 

 Guiana=Root of Boer- 

 havia decumbeiis. 7. 

 of Venezuela = Root of 

 Sarcostemma glaucum. 

 Wild f.=Asclepius cu- 



Irene, (i-re'ne). [Classi- 1 



cal.] No. 14 of the Minor Planets. 



Iridaceae, ( i-ri-da'se-e ). [Iris, q.v.] = Irids! 

 herbaceous plants, with beautiful distichous 

 flowers, belonging to Narcissales. 



Iridescence, (1-ri-des'sens). [Iris, q.v.] Dis- 

 play of variety of colours, from refraction or 

 diffraction. 



Iridium, (i-rid'i-um) [L. iris, rainbow, q.v.] 

 =Ir"': one of the noble metals: a very hard, 

 white, brittle metal, usually found with 

 platinum, named from the varying colours 

 of its oxides. Native 7. =Iridosmine. 



Iridosmine, < i-ri-dos'min ). [Iridium and 

 Osmium, q.v.] An alloy of osmium and 

 iridium, found in abundance in California. 



Iris, (i'ris). [The Latin word.] 1. A fibrous 

 membrane in the eye, covering the front of 

 the crystalline lens, excepting a circular 

 space in the centre through which the light 

 passes, the amount being varied by the dila- 

 tion or contraction of the iris. 2. v. Rain- 

 bow. 3. A plant, the type of Iridaceae, 3.17. 



Irish. 7. rfeer=Cervus megaceros. 7. moss= 

 Chondrus crisp us. 



Irite, (1'rit). A variety of Chromite, probably 

 a compound of Chromite and other minerals. 



Iron, (i-ern). [Iren, the A.-S. word.]=Fe""= 

 Ferrum : the most abundant metal : a hard, 

 grey, tenacious metal, fusible only at a very 

 high temperature, which is of universal use, 

 and, if very finely divided, burns in contact 

 with the air: the most magnetic of all known 

 substances. 7. afoim=Halotrichite. 7. chryso- 

 We=Fayalite 7..#cMZe=Anumberofpiecesof 

 iron wire, of different lengths, fixed atone end, 

 by the vibration of which notes are produced. 

 7. like metals: magnetic metals, such as iron, 

 cobalt, nickel, &c., which decompose water 



