MAMMOTH 



209 



MANNITANE 



,' pophysis : a rounded projection of the last 

 dorsal vertebra. 



Mammoth, (mam'moth). [Mamout, the Rus- 

 sian name.]=Elephas primigenius : known 

 only by fossil remains, found in post-pliocene 

 rocks. M. cave: in Kentucky. M. tree: a 

 Californian tree, from 250 to 400 ft. high, and 

 15 to 30 ft. in diameter. 



Man, (man). [The A.-S. name.]=rHomo, q.v.: 

 the highest known animal, v. Primates. 

 Families of M.: Semi-fossil M.=M. Engis, 

 M. Engihoul, M. Neanderthal: named after 

 the places where the remains were found. 

 M. ?-0o = Ipomea leptophylla: a plant, of 

 which the esculent root is about the size and 

 shape of a human body. 



Man-of-war hawk=Trachypetes aquila. 



Manakins, (man'a-kinz)=Pipra: small birds, 

 also called Chatterers, named from their 

 small size. The males are brilliantly coloured, 

 the females are dull green; they build opeu 

 nests. 



Manatee, (man'a-te). [L. manus, hand.]=Tri- 

 checus manatus: 

 an herbivorous 

 cetacean animal; 

 also called Sea- 



cow. 



Manatidse, (man- 

 at'i-de). [Mana- 

 tee, q.v.] Ceta- Manatee, 

 cean animals, including the Manatee, Du- 

 gong, &c., forming a division of Cetacefe. 



Manatus=Sea-cow=Manatee, q.v. 



Manchineel tree, (man'chi-nel)=:Hippomane 

 manganilla: a large treebelonging to Euphor- 

 biacese. It resembles the apple tree, and is 

 very poisonous. 



Mandangoes, An African people. ' 



Mandarin, ( man'da-riii ). M. duel: = Aix 

 galericulata. M. orange=Citrus nobilis. 



Mandelic acid CgHgOs^Formobenzoic acid 

 =Phenylglycollic acid, q.v. 



Mandibles, (man'di-blz). [L. mandibulum, 

 jaw.] = Jaws, q.v. In Vertebrata, the lower 

 jaw only; in birds, the rostra of the beak. 

 Upper M., formed by two maxillary bones. 



Mandibulata, (man-di-bii-la'ta). Mandibles, 

 <?.f.]=Chewing insects: a primary division 

 of insects, including biting and licking in- 

 sects, as distinct from sucking insects, v. 

 Insects. 



Mandioca, (man-di-5'ka). [Manihot, q.v.]= 

 Jatropha manihot, q.v. 



Mandragora, (man-drag'5-ra). [Mandragoras, 

 the Greek name.]=Mandrake, &c. : a poison- 

 ous plant, belonging to Solanacese=Atropa 

 mandragora; also called Devil's-apple. 



Mandrake, (man'urak). [Mandragora, q.v.]= 

 Mandragora officinalis^Atropa mandragora. 

 v. Atropa. 



Mandrill, (man'dril). [Mandrille, the French 

 name.]=Simia maimon=:Cynocephalus mai- 

 mon : a monkey of the baboon kind. 



Mane, (man). [Mon, the Icelandic name.] 

 Long neck-hair, common with the horse, 

 lion, &c. 



Manganates, (mang'ga-nats). [Manganic, q.v.] 

 Compounds of manganic acid with bases. 



Manganese, ( mang'ga-nez ). [L. magnes, 

 magnet.]=Mnvi. : one of the iron-like metals ; 

 a grey, brittle, feebly-magnetic substance; 

 also called Manganesium. Jf. blende = 

 Native sulphide of manganese. M. group 

 of minerals : includes pyrolusite, psilome- 

 lane, manganite, wad, diallogite, and rho- 

 donite. M. spar=~M.nCOs: native carbonate 

 of manganese=DiaUogite=Red M. 



Manganic acid, ( man-gan'ik ). [Manganese, 

 q.v^=H^ilnO^: an acid substance, hydra- 

 ted oxide of manganese, which is not known 

 as a separate substance. 



Manganite, (mang'ga-nit). [Manganese, q.v.] 

 HoMngO^j^Grey oxide of manganese: a 

 metallic mineral, crystallising in rhombs, 

 resembling pyrolusite. 



Manganjas. An African people. 



Mangel-wurzel, (mang'el-wur-zel). [Mangold- 

 wurzel, the German name.] = Red-beet : a 

 plant resembling the beet; the root of which 

 is much used as food for cattle; belongs to 

 Chenopodiacese. 



Mangifera, (man-jifer-a). [Mango, q.v.; L. 

 fero, I bear.] A resinous tree, belonging to 

 Anacardiaceae, having an edible fruit. M. 

 /ndicazrMango tree: of tropical Asia and 

 West Indies. 



Mango, (mang'o). [Mangga, the native name.] 

 1. The fruit of Mangifera Indica. 2. A fish 

 =Polynemus risua. 



Mangold-wurzel. v. Mangel-wurzel. 



Mangosteen, (mang'o-sten). The edible fruit 

 of Garcinia mangostana, a New Zealand tree. 



Mangrove, ( mang'grov ). [Corr. of Malay 

 name.] = Rhizophora gymnorhiza: a large 

 tropical tree, from the branches of which 

 roots descend to the ground; it has green 

 leaves, brown flowers, and bean-like seeds; 

 the timber is heavy and durable. 



Mangroves, (mang'grSvz). [Mangrove, q.v.]= 

 Rhizophoracese, q.v. 



Mangusta, (mang-gos'ta.) [Mangousta, the 

 French name.]=Indian ichneumon: an ani- 

 mal belonging to Herpestes, q.v. 



Manihot, (man'i-hot). [The Brazilian name.] 

 =Mandioc = Janiphax manihot = Jatropha 

 manihot: a plant belonging to Euphor- 

 biacese, from which tapioca is obtained. 



Manilla, (man-il'la). [Manilla, Id.] M. hemp: 

 a coarse fibre obtained from the plant Musa 

 textilis. 



Manioc= Manihot, q.v. 



Manis, (ma'nis) = Pangolin : an animal be- 

 longing to Edentata. 



Manna, (man'na). [The Latin name.] A 

 sugary gum from Larch, Fraxinus, Eucalyp- 

 tus, and other trees. M. asA=Ornus rotun- 

 difolia. M. Sinai: wholly of sugar, from 

 Tamarix. M. grass=: Glyceria, q.v. 



Mannides, (man'nidz). [Mannite, q.v.] Arti- 

 ficial compounds of mannite with acids, 

 resembling natural fats. 



Mannite, (man'nit). [Manna, q.v.]=CgHi^OQ: 

 the sweet principle of manna, differing from 

 sugar in not fermenting with yeast and 

 water = Mannitane and water Inverted 

 sugar and hydrogen. 



Mannitane, ( mau'i-tan ). [Mannite, q.v.]= 

 O 



