MANNITOSE 



210 



MARMOSET 



s: a syrup substance obtained from 

 mannite. 



Mannitose, (man'i-tos). [Mannite, q.v.] A 

 fermentable variety of sugar obtained from 

 mannite. 



Manometer, ( man-om'e-ter ). [Gk. manos, 

 rare; metron, measure.]=Pressure gauge: an 

 instrument for measuring the pressure or 

 tension of gases. 



Hansard, (man'sard).. [M. Mansarde.] M. 

 ro0/=Curb-roof: formed by two sets of raf- 

 ters, one enclosing the other. 



Mantides. (man'ti-dez). [Mantis, the typical 

 genns: Gk. eidos, form.] Insects belonging 

 to Orthoptera. 



Mantissa, ( man-tis'sa ). [L. mantissa, in- 

 crease.] The fractional part of a logarithm. 



Mantle, (man'tl). [Mantellum, the Latin 

 word.]=Pallium: an integument enclosing 

 the viscera of mollusca, and forming a kind 

 of cloak within the shell. M. lobes: in La- 

 mellibranchiata open right and left; in 

 Brachiopoda open back and front. 



Manubrium, (man-u'bri-um). [L. manubrium, 

 handle.] 1. The central, dependant, polypite 

 of hydrozoa: serves as a gastric or genital 

 sac. 2. The upper and rounded extremity 

 of the breast-bone. 



Manures, (ma-nurz / ). [P. manceuvrer, to work 

 with the hand.] Substances added to land 

 to increase its fertility, such as bones, guano, 

 phosphates, sewage, sea-weeds, &c. 



Manus, (man'us). ,[The Latin word.]=Hand, 

 q.v. 



Manx, (manks). Connected with the Isle of 

 Man. M. cat: a tail-less variety of the 

 common cat found in the Isle of Man. 



Maori, (ma'o-ri). The aborigines of New 

 Zealand. 



Map, (map). [L. mappa, table-cloth.] A 

 plan of a portion or the whole of the suiface 

 of the earth. Central project iow=Gnomonic 

 projection, q.v. Globular projection; when 

 the eye is supposed to be about ^ of the 

 radius distant. Gnomonic projection: when 

 the eye is supposed to be at the centre of 

 the earth. Orthographic projection: when 

 the eye is supposed to be at an infinite dis- 

 tance. Stereographic projection: when the 

 eye is supposed to be at the surface, v. 

 Projection. 



Maple, (ma'pl). [Mapel, the A.-S. name.] 

 =Acer, q.v.: a tree 

 belonging to Acera- 

 ceae. M . sugar: from 

 Acer saccharinum. 



Marantaceoe, (mar-an- 

 tii'se-e). .[Signor 

 Maranti.] = Marants: 

 tropical herbaceous 

 plants belonging to 

 Amomales. 



Marble, (mar'bl). 

 [Marbre, the French 

 name.] A crystalline 

 variety of limestone Maple. 



which is hard enough to be finely polished, 

 often coloured by iron pyrites, &c. Forest 

 M.=Bath Oolite, v. Oolite. Green 4 Tf.=Ser- 



pentine, q.v. Statuary M. has no fossils, 

 and is usually of a pure white colour. 



Marcasite, (mar'ka-sit)='White iron pyrites: 

 a mineral of the iron group, resembling 

 pyrites, q.v., in composition, but crystallising 

 in rhombs. 



Marcgraviaceae. (mark-gra-vi-a'se-6). [Sir G. 

 Marcgrave.]=Marcgraviads: trees and shrubs, 

 sometimes climbing, with numerous seeds, 

 belonging to Guttiferales. 



Marchantiacere. (mar-shan-ti-ii'se-e). [M. 

 Marchant. ]=Liver- worts: small cellular leaf- 

 less plants, found in damp places, belonging 

 to Muscales. 



Mare, (1, mar; 2, ma're). [1. Mere, the A.-S. 

 word; 2. The Latin word.] 1. The female 

 of a horse, q.v. 2. Dry, flat hollows or 

 plains in the moon are called mares, and 

 named separately, as Mare Crifiium, Mare 

 Serenitatis. v. Moon. 



Mare's tail=Equisetum, q.v. 



Margarates, (mar'ga-rats). [Margaric, q.v.] 

 Compounds of margaric acid with bases. 



Margaric acid, (mar-gar'ik). [Gk. margaritcs, 

 pearl.]=Ci7H34O->: a crystalline fatty acid, 

 named from its pearly lustre. 



Margarin, (mar'ga-rin). [Gk. margaron, pearl.] 

 =C54Hi04O<;: a compound crystalline sub- 

 stance found in fat, olive oil, &c. 



Margarite, ( mar'ga-rlt ). [Gk. margarites, 

 pearl.] A mineral, a variety of mica; also 

 called pearl-mica. 



Marie Davy battery. A galvanic battery 

 consisting of plates of zinc in brine, and of 

 carbon in bisulphate of mercury. 



Marigold, (mart-gold). [Mary and Gold.]= 

 Calendula: an herb belonging to Asteracese. 

 Marsh Jlf.=Caltha palustris. 



Marine, (ina-ren'). [Marinus, the Latin word. ] 

 Belonging to the sea. M. glue: shell-lac and 

 india-rubber dissolved iu mineral naphtha. 

 M. snakes, v. Ophidia. 



Mariner's compass. A declination compass, 

 and fittings necessary to adopt it for the 

 purpose of directing a ship's course. 



Mariotte's (ma-ri-of). [M. Marietta.] M. 

 bottle; with openings at the side, to illustrate 

 the laws of water issuing in the form of a 

 jet. M. Zaw=Boyle's law: that the volume 

 of a gas varies inversely as the pressure to 

 which it is subjected. 



Marishes=Marshes, q.v. 



Marjoram, ( mar jo-ram ). [Marjorana, the 

 Latin name.]=Origanum: an herb belonging 

 to Lamiaceae. 



Markab, (mar'kab). A star of first magnitude. 

 v. Sun stars. 



Marl, (marl). [The Welsh name.]=Clay and 

 Lime Calcareous clay; also used generally 

 for any earth that crumbles on exposure to 

 air. M. slate: a sub-division of Middle 

 Permian ; a calcareous shale. 



Marlborough wheel. A wheel connected with 

 two other wheels, so that it turns each of 

 them. 



Marmalade, (mar'ma-lad). [Marmela.de, the 

 French word.] Orange preserved with 

 sugar. 



Marmoset, (mar'mo-zet). [Marmouset, the 



