MAST 



212 



MEADOW 



Mast, (mast). [The A.-S. word.] The fruit 

 of the oak or beech. 

 Mast-worts, (mast). [Mast, g.v.]=Corylaceae, 



jtf aster-wort =1 rnperatoria : a plan t belong! n g to 



Apiacese, now called Peucedanum ostruthiuin. 



Mastic, (mas'tik). [Mastiche, the Latin name. ] 

 A resin, used as a varnish, obtained from 

 the plant Pistachia lentiscus. 



Mastication, (mas-ti-ka'shun). [L. Masticare.} 

 =Chewing: the grinding of solid food pre- 

 paratory to its passing into the stomach. 



Masticatory organs, (mas-ti-ka'to-ri). [Mas- 

 tication, q.v.] In Invertebrate animals, 

 either hardened mucous membrane or modi- 

 fied limbs; in Verte- 

 brate animals, mo- 

 difications of cepha- 

 lic parieties always 

 distinct from limbs. 



Mastiff, (mas'tif). 

 A variety of the dog 

 remarkable for its 

 strength and courage. 



Mastodon, (mas'to-dou). [Gk. mastos, breast; 

 odous, tooth.] An 

 extinct elephant -like 

 mammal of America, 

 whose teeth have a 

 nipple-like surface. 



Mastodonsaurus. v. La- 

 byrinthodon. 



Mastoid processes, (mas'- 

 toid ). [ Gk. mastos, 

 breast ; eidos, form.] 

 Two rounded projections at the back of the 

 lower part of the skull. 



Mat-grass- Mat-weed=Nardu3: a grass-like 

 plant. 



Matchan, (match/an). [The native name.] 

 M. i*wwi=Black tiger of New Zealand. M. 

 Zo>-en<7=Striped tiger of New Zealand. M. 

 tocoei=Leopard of New Zealand. 



Mater, (ma'ter). [Gk. mater, mother.] Pia- 

 mater: a soft, thin membrane enclosing the 

 brain. Dura - mat er : a dense membrane 

 enclosing the brain. 



Mathematics, (math-e-mat'iks). [Gk. mathe- 

 matike, science.] The science of quantitive 

 relation, includes arithmetic, algebra, trigo- 

 nometry, &c. 



Matrass, (mat'ras). [Matras, the French 

 word.] 1. A globe of thin glass, having a 

 long neck, used in Chemistry. 2. Any 

 ignition tube. 



Matncaria, (mat-ri-ka'ri-a). [L. matrix, 

 womb.] A : plant belonging to Asteracerc. 

 M. chamomilla=Wild. chamomile. M- par- 

 thenium=T?ever-few. 



Matrix, ( ma'triks ). [ The Latin word.] = 

 Womb : used generally for anything which 

 encloses a substance and gives form to it. 



Matt, (matt). [Gk. matt, dull.] In smelting, 

 especially in lead-working: used for imper- 

 fectly refined metals. 



Matter, (mat'ter). [Materia , the Latin word. ] 

 A general term for any substance; for any- 

 thing which has extension. 

 Matthiessen's differential thermometer. [Doc- 



Mastxxlon. 



tor Matthiessen.] Adapted to the measure- 

 ment of the temperatures of two liquids. 

 Matthiola, (mat-ti'6-la). [Signer Matthiolus.] 



=Stock: an herb belonging to Brassicaceaj. 



M. irica?ia=Gillyflower. 

 Mauritius, (maw-rish'i-us). [Prince Maurice. ] 



M. grass: a large kind of couch grass found 



in Ceylon. M. weed: Rocella fusi-formis. 

 Mauve, (m5v). [The French word.] A violet 



dye-stuff obtained from analine. v. Aniline 



dyes. 

 Mauveine, (mov'in). [Mauve, q.v.] The base 



of Mauve, q.v. 

 Mavis, (ma/vis). [Mauvis, the French name. 



=Turdus musicus: 



a thrush-like bird; V 



also called Throstle. 

 Maxilla, (maks-il'la). 



[L. ,/(</". jaw.] 1. 



In Vertebrata: the 



same as thesuperior 



m axilla of m an . 2. 



In. Arthropoda : 



limbs modified as 



jaws. 

 Maxillary, (maks-il'la-ri). [L. mala, jiw/\ 



M. bones of skull: two bones forming tho 



jaws; the upper is in two pieces, and extends 



upwards between the nose and eyes. J\I. 



nerve: Upper M. serves the nose, eyelids, 



teeth, and lip of upper jaw. Loictr M. 



serves the tongue and lower jaw. 

 Maxillipedes, (maks-il'i-pedz). [Maxilla, <(.r. 



L. pes, foot.]=iFoot-ja\vs : modified limbs in 



Crustacea, which serve as jaws. 

 Mayacese, ( ma-a'se-e ) = Mayacs : moss -like 



plants with narrow leaves and small flowers. 

 May. M. cAa/er=Melolontha vulgaris. M. 



apple of N. Mexico Podophy Hum peltu- 



tum. M. pole = American aloe = Agave 



Americana. 

 May flies= Ephemerae: insects belonging to 



Neuroptera. 

 May-hill sandstone. [M. in Gloucestershire.] 



= Upper Llandovery rocks, connecting Upper 



and Lower Silurian strata. 

 Maximum thermometer. One adapted to the 



registration of the highest temperature 



reached in a given period. 

 M'Fans. An African people. 

 M'Leay's classification of animals: 



VERTEBRATA. 



Cephalopoda. Annelida. 



MOLLUSCA. ANNULORA. 



Tunicata. Cirripeda. 



ACRITA. RADIATA. 



Zoanthida. 



Vertebrata passes through Annelida to Annu- 

 losa, and through Cephalopoda to MolJusca. 

 In the same way lladiata passes through 

 Cirripeda to Annulosa, and through Zoan- 

 tliida to Acrita, &c. 



M'Pongos. An African people. 



Meadow, (med'o). [Mceed, the A.-S. word.] 

 M. fox-tail grass = Alopecurus prateusis. 

 M. grass=Poa trivialis. M. re=Thalic- 

 tmm flavum. M. saffron = Colchicuui 

 axitumnale. M. sweet Spirsea ulmaria, 



