ORGANISED BODIES 



246 



ORNITHOGLOSSUM 



2,v. O. analysis: usually by combus- 

 tion of the contained carbon, and by con- 

 version of contained nitrogen into ammonia. 

 O. bases=Orga.nic alkalies: obtained chiefly 

 from vegetables, v. Alkaloids. Ammonia 

 O. B., derived from ammonia, and vola- 

 tile, resembling ammonia. Ammonium 0. 

 B. derived from ammonia, but fixed, resem- 

 bling ammonium. Animal O. B.: of animal 

 origin ; radicles composed of carbon, hydro- 

 gen, nitrogen, and oxygen, with other sub- 

 stances, such as phosphorus, &c. Artificial 0. 

 B., those formed by distillation, reduction, 

 substitution, orldirect combination. Natural 

 O. B. mostly found in plants, and generally 

 alkaline. Primary 0. B.= Amide B.=Ami- 

 dogen B., q.v. Secondary O.B.=Imide B.= 

 Imidogen B., q,v. Tertiary 0. .B.=Nitrile 

 B., q.v. Vegetable 0. B. = Radicles of 

 CH and O. O. chemistry = Chemistry of 

 compound radicals = Chemistry of carbon 

 compounds. The chemistiy of compounds 

 derived from organic substances, some of 

 which may also be formed by synthesis. O. 

 compounds consist chiefly of CHON: fre- 

 quently of complex composition with very 

 varied characters and properties; usually 

 unsymmetrical. 0. radicles: v. Radicles. 

 O. remains= Fossils, q.v.; also called petri- i 

 factions. O. world=All animals and vege- 

 tables=all organised bodies. 



Organised bodies. Living organisms: usually 

 unstable chemical composition; are not pro- 

 ducible by synthesis. 



Organogeny, (or-gan-oj'e-ni). [Gk. organon, 

 organ; gennao, I produce.] Development of 

 living organisms. 



Organo-metalhc compounds: of metals and 

 organic radicles. E.g.: zinc -methyl, zinc- 

 ethyl, &c. Have energetic chemical action, 

 and sometimes act as compound radicles. 



Organs, (or'ganz). 0. of alimentation: mouth, 

 stomach, intestines: which convert food into 

 nutriment. 0. of circulation: heart and 

 blood vessels generally: which distribute the 

 nutritious matter derived from food to the 

 various parts of the body. O. of excretion: 

 lunga, kidneys, skin, &c., by which the waste 

 products of the body are passed out. 0. of 

 locomotion: cilia and muscles. Rudimentary 

 0.: those that are essentially useless; often 

 seen only in the embryo; probably have de- 

 cayed from disuse: as 

 wings of island-birds, 

 eyes of cave-animals, 

 &c. E.g.: mammae in 

 male mammalia ; one 

 lobe of the lungs in 

 snakes; upper teeth in 

 calves, &c. 



Or graphique = Sylvan- 

 ite, q.v. 



Oribatidss, (or-i-bat'i-de) > 

 = Wood-mites : small 

 spider-like animals, be- 

 longing to Acarina; live 

 on moss 'and herbs. 



Orichalcit=Aurichalcite. 

 q.v. Oriel-Window. 



Oriole 



Oriel- window, ( 5'ri-el ). A bay window pro- 

 jecting from an upper story of a building. 



Oriental, (6-ri-en'tal). [L. orient, eastern.] 0. 

 emerald=A. variety of Sapphire. 0. garnet 

 =Almandite. 



Orientation, ( o-ri-en-ta/shun ). [L. orient, 

 eastern.] A sense of polarity; the determi- 

 nation of the points of the compass; also 

 used of animals who are able to retrace a 

 road and find their way back. 



Origanum, (6-rig'a-num). [Gk. orys, hill; 

 ganos, joy.]=Marjoram : a fragrant herb 

 belonging to Lamiacefe. 



Origma. (6 - rig ' ma)= Rock-warbler=Saxicola 

 solitaria, q.v. 



0'Rileyite=Native arsenite. 



Orillon, (o-ril'on). [F. oreillon, ear.] A pro- 

 jecting tower at the angle of a bastion. 



Orinoco, (or-i-no'ko). 0. to&acco=Nieotiana 

 macrophylla. 



Oriole, (6'ri-ol). [Oriolus, q.v.] A tropical 

 thrush -like bird, 

 belonging to Meru- 

 lidse, of which there 

 are several genera: 

 Oriolus, Yphantes, 

 Xanthornis, Caci- 

 cus, &c. v. Oriolus. 

 Baltimore 0.=. 

 Hanging-bird = 

 Golden-robin. 



Oriolus, (o-ri-o'lus). [L. aureolus, golden.] 

 Oriole : a migratory, gaily-coloured, sparrow- 

 like bird, with long beak, belonging to 

 Merulidaj, feeding on insects and berries, 

 visiting England only in summer; builds 

 concealed open nest. O. galbula=Golden. 

 oriole. O. ?>ionac/ms=Nun-thrush. 



Orion. The most brilliant of the constellations, 

 visible from every part of the globe. Trape- 

 zium of O. : formed by the stars Betelgeuse, 

 Bellatrix, Rigel, and a fourth. O's belt: also 

 called Three Kings, Golden Yard, and Jacob's 

 Staff: contains the three bright stars Alnitak, 

 Alnilam, and Mintaka. Nebula ofO.: one of 

 the finest nebulse known, below the sword 

 belt of Orion, the centre being the star 6 

 Orionis. 



Ornithite, (or'ni-th!t)=Metabrushite: a mine- 

 ral, chiefly phosphate of calcium. 



Ornithichnites, (or-nith-ik-ni'tez). [Gk. ornis, 

 bird; ichnos, footstep.] Footmarks of birds. 

 v. Lithichnozoa. 



Ornithocephalus, (or-nith-o-sefal-us). [Gk. 

 ornis, bird; keykale, head.]=Pterodactyle, 

 q.v. 



Ornithodelphia, (or-nith-5-delf i-a). [Gk. ornis, 

 bird; dclphys, womb.]=:Monotremata, q.v.: 

 a primary division of Mammalia, including 

 only the Ornithorhynchus and Echidna; 

 have no true teeth, but one passage for the 

 urinary, genital, and intestinal products; 

 and only a small corpus callosum. 



Ornithogalum, (or-nith-og'a-lum). [Gk. ornis, 

 bird;prai,milk.]=Star of Bethlehem: a plant, 

 with linear leaves, belonging to Liliaceee. 



Ornithoglossum, (or-nith-6-glos'sum). [Gk. 

 ornis, bird; glossa, ton gue.]= Bird's tongue: 

 a plant belonging to Melanthacese. 



