PEARL 



257 



PEDILANTHUS 



A.-S. name.]=Pyrus communis: a tree be- 

 longing to Rosaceas. A nchovy P. =Grias cauli- 

 flora. Avocada P.=Persea gratissima. P. 

 encrinites=Apioci-inidse, found only in Meso- 

 zoic rocks. Living P.r=Rhizocrinus lofoten- 

 sis. P. iron ore : a variety of haematite. P. 

 moulds Mucoracese, q.v. P. oi=An alco- 

 holic solution of amyl acetate. P. weevil= 

 Apion, a beetle. 



Pearl, (perl). [The A.-S. word.] 1. A secre- 

 tion of carbonate of lime and animal mem- 

 brane, found in some oysters, v. Pearls. 

 2.=Rhombus vulgaris, a fish. P. as/i=Im- 

 pure carbonate of potassium. P. moths= 

 Pyralides. P. oysters = Avicula margariti- 

 fera MeJeagrina margaritifera. P. spar : 

 a crystalline variety of dolomite. P. stone: 

 1. An amorphous variety of felspar; 2.=Piso- 

 lite. P. white = P. powder; a mixture of 

 bismuth oxychloride and hydrochloric acid. 

 P. wor=Sagina. 



Pearls, (perlz). [Pearl, q.v.] Portions of the 

 epidermis of pearl oysters, not used in the 

 formation of the shells, collected round 

 grains of sand as nuclei. 



Pearly Nautilus=^Nautilus pompilius, q.v. 



Peas. Plants belonging to Fabacese. v. Pea. 



Peat, (pet). Decayed vegetable matter: an 

 inflammable mineral, resembling humus, 

 used as fuel. 



Peba, (pe'ba)=Tatusia peba: an armadillo. 



Pebbles, (peb'blz). \Pabul, 

 the A.-S. word. ]= Water- 

 worn fragments of rock. 

 Scotch P. : a variety of 

 agate. 



Pecan^pe-kan 7 ). [Pacana, 

 the Spanish name.] = 

 Carya divseformis : an 

 American plant, belong- 

 ing to Juglandaceas. 



Peccaries, (pek'a-riz). [The S. American 

 name.] Dicotyles;: Swine - like animals of 

 America, corresponding to the swine of the 

 Old World, v. Suidaj. 



Pechurane, (pek'u-run):= Pitch blende, q.v. A 

 mineral, chiefly peroxide of uranium. 



Peck, ( pek ) = 

 Two gallons: 

 one-fourth of a 

 bushel. 



Pecopteris, ( pe - 

 kop'ter-is). [Gk. 

 pekten, comb ; 

 pleris, fern.] A 

 fern, known by 

 fossil remains 

 found in coal : 

 named from their 

 comb -like ap- 

 pearance, cf. 

 Alethopteris. 



Pecora, (pek'o-ra). 

 [L. pecus, cattle.] 

 Term used by 

 Linnaeus for ru- 

 minating ani- 

 mals, v, Edu- 

 cabilia. 



Pecopteris. 



1-eba. 



Pecten, (pek'ten). [L. pekten, comb.] l.Comb- 

 ehell : an oyster- 

 like animal. 2. A 

 membrane in the 

 eye of birds. 



Pectic acid, (pek'- 

 tik). [Gk. pektis, 



a transparent in- 

 soluble jelly found 

 in plants. 



Pectin, (pek'tin). 

 [Gk. pektis, jelly.] Pecteu. 



=Vegetable jelly: a gelatinous substance 

 found in plants. 



Pectinibranchiata,(pek-tin-i-brang-ki-a'ta).[L. 

 pekten, comb; Gk. brangchia, gills.] A sub- 

 division of Gasteropoda; named from the 

 comb-like gills. 



Pectinicornes, (pek-tin-i-kor'nez). [L.pecten, 

 comb; cornu, horns; antennae. ]=Lucanidae: 

 a primary division of beetles. 



Pectinidae, ( pek-tin'i-de ). [Pekten, q.v.]= 

 Ostreidse, q.v. 



Pectoral, ( pek'to-ral ). [L. pectus, breast.] 

 Related to the breast. P. arcA^Scapular 

 arch : scapula, coracoid, and clavicle; con- 

 necting pectoral limbs. P. fins: very large in 

 flying gurnard and flying fish; v. Fin. P. 

 limbs: arms, &c.; v. Limbs. 



Pectose, (pek'tos). [Pectin, q.v.] An insoluble 

 substance found in the cellular tissue of 

 fruits, which becomes pectin when acted on 

 by acids and heat. 



Pectosic acid, (pek-to'sik). [Pectose, Q.I;.] A 

 gelatinous acid obtained from pectin. 



Pectostraca, ( pek-tos'tra-ka ). [Gk. pectos, 

 fixed ; ostrakon, shell.] Cirripedia, &c. : 

 crustaceans which when adult become fixed, 

 divided into: 



Rhizocephala, parasitic on other crustaceans 

 Cirripedia, adhering by suckers. 



Pectunculus, (pek-tun'ku-lus). [L. pectun- 

 culus, little comb.] A marine oyster-like 



Pedaliac'eaj, (pe-dal-i-a'se-e). [Gk. pedalion, 

 rudder.] =Pedaliads: herbs with large flowers, 

 belonging to Bignonales. 



Pedetes, (pe-de'tez). [Gk. pedetes, bound.] 

 = Helamys, q.v. P. Capensis =. Jumping 

 hare. 



Pedicels, (ped'i-selz). [Pediculus, the Latin 

 word.] Small stems: sub-divisions of flower- 

 stalks or peduncle. 



Pedicellarise, ( ped-i-sel-la'ri-e ). [Pedicles, 

 q.v.] Small pincer like processes on the 

 bodies of some Echmodermata. 



Pedicularis, (ped-i-ku-la'ris). [L. pediculus, 

 louse.] Louse-wort: a parasitic herb, belong- 

 ing to Scrophalariacese, named from being 

 supposed to produce lice. 



Pediculi, (ped-ik'u-li). [The Latin name.] 

 =Lice: minute parasitic insects belonging 

 to Anoplura, q.v. 



Pediculus, (ped-ik'u-lus). [The Latin name.] 

 Louse, v. Pediculi. 



Pedilanthus, (ped-i-lanth'us). [Gk. pedilon, 



slipper; anthos, flower.] A plant belonging to 



Euphorbiacese. P. tithymaloides=jQvi\>vish. 



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