PLESIOSATTRUS 



PODOSTEMACE.E 



Plesiosaurus, (ple-zi-o-saw'rus). [Gk. plesios, 

 near; saura, lizard.] An oolitic reptile with 

 crocodile-like head, known by fossil remains, 

 chiefly vertebrae, found in Lias and Oolitic 

 rocks, named from its fossil remains being 

 found near those of the ichthyosaurus. 



Pleura, (plo'ra). [Gk. pleura, rib.] A serous 

 membrane enclosing the lung. 



Pleuro, (plo'ro). [Gk. pleura, rib.] A prefix, 

 implying some relation to the pleuraor lungs. 



Pleurodont, (plo'ro-dont). [Gk. pleura, rib; 

 odous, tooth.] P. teeth: those which are 

 fastened by one side of the fang anchylosing 

 with the jaw. 



Pleurodonta, (plo-ro-don'ta). [Gk. pleuron, 

 Bide; odous, tooth.] A sub -division of 

 Iguanidfe, q.v., having pleurodont teeth. 



Pleuronectes, (plo-ro-nek'tez). [Gk. pleura, 

 side ; nektes, swimmer. ] = Pleuronectidse : a 

 family of fishes, in which the body is flat- 

 tened and the eyes both on one side of the 

 head; includes the plaice, sole, floundez-, &c. 



Pleuronectidae=PlBuronectes, q.v. 



Pleurotoma, ( plo-rot'o-ma ). [Gk. pleuron, 

 side ; tome, incision.] = Turricula : a carni- 

 vorous molluscous animal, with a univalve 

 shell : found fossil from Oolite to Eocene rocks. 



Pleurotomaria, (plo-ro-to-ma'ri-a). [Gk. 

 pleuron, side ; tome, incision.] A gasteropo- 

 dous mollusc, with spiral univalve shell, 

 found in Oolite rocks. 



Plexus, (pleks'us). [L. plexus, twisted.] Net- 

 work; used, especially, for a network of 

 nerves, &c. 



Plinth, (plinth). [Plinthos, the Greek word.] 

 A square projecting base, usually forming 

 the lowest portion of a column. 



Pliocene, (pli'o-sen). [Gk.^eion,,more; kainos, 

 recent.]=Upper Tertiary formation: includ- 

 ing the Red and White Crag of Suffolk, the 

 Norwich Crag, &c., in which existing species 

 of Testacea are more numerous than extinct 

 species. 



Ploceinae, (plo-si'ne). [Ploceus, the typical 

 genus.] Widow-birds, weaver-birds, &c.: a 

 sub-division of Fringillidae, q.v. 



Plotus, (plo'tus). [Gk. plotos, sailing.] Dar- 

 ter: a large aquatic bird, with long neck, 

 pointed bills, and strong short feet, belong- 

 ing to Pelecanidse. 



Ploughman's spikenard=Inula, q.v. 



Plover, ( plo'ver ). [ Pluvier, the French 

 name.]=Charadrius ; awading-bird, belong- 

 ing to Charadriadse. 



Plum, (plum). [Pluma, the A.-S. name.] 

 The edible fruit of Prunus, q.v. 



Plumbaginaceae, (plum-ba-jin-a'se-e). [Plum- 

 bago, (?.i;.]==:Lead-worts: herbs, with mono- 

 petalous flowers, belonging to Cortusales. 



Plumbago, (plum-ba'go). [L. plumbum, lead.] 

 1. The typical genus of Plumbaginacese, q.v. 

 2.=Graphite, q.v., a modification of carbon. 



Plumbic, (plum'bik). [Plumbum, q.v.] Re- 

 lated to plumbum or lead; leaden. P. sul- 

 ptiide=Ga,lena,=Pb&. 



Plumb-line. [L. plumbum, lead.] A small 

 weight, usually of lead, suspended by a 

 string, so that it hangs vertically; used as a 

 standard of vertical position. 



Plumbum, (plum'bum). [The Latin word.] 

 =Lead : Pb", or Pbiv : a soft, bluish-white 

 malleable metal. 



Plume-nutmegs= Atherospermacese, q.v. 



Plumule, (plum'ul). The growing point of a 

 young plant in its earliest stage of growth. 



Pluteiform, ( plii'te-i-form ). [Pluteus, q.v.] 

 Having the form of the pluteus, q.v. 



Pluteus, (pltt'te-us). [L. pluteus, temporary 

 roof.]=The larva of the Echinus, which is 

 called "painter's easel." 



Plutonic rocks, (plu-ton'ik). [Pluto.] = 

 Granites, porphyries, &c. : transformed fos- 

 siliferous rocks now devoid of fossils, which 

 resemble volcanic formations, but are more 

 crystalline, and in which tuffs or breccias 

 are never found, a sub-division of hypogene 

 rocks, q.v., transmuted and cooled at great 

 depths by great heat ; hence called Plu- 

 tonic. 



Pluviometer, (plu-vi-om'e-ter). [L. pluvia, 

 rain; Gk. metron, measure.] An apparatus 

 for the measurement of the quantity of rain. 



Pneumatic, (nu-mat'ik). [Gk. pneuma. air.] 

 Related to air or other gases. P. syringe: a 

 tube in which a piston works air-tight; by 

 the compression of the contained air suffi- 

 cient heat is generated to ignite a piece of 

 German tinder. 



Pneumatics, (nu-mat'iks). [Gk. pneuma, air.] 

 The science of the properties of elastic fluids, 

 such as air. 



Pneumatocyst, (nu-mat'6-sist). [Gk. pneuma, 

 air; kystis, bladder.] An air-sac found in some 

 Hydrozoa; used generally for any small air* 

 bladder. 



Pneumo, (nu'mo). [Gk. pneuma, air.] A pre- 

 fix, implying a relation to air or some other 

 elastic fluid. 



Pneumogastric nerves, (nu - mo - gas ' trik). 

 [Pneumo and Gastric, q.v.] The tenth pair 

 of cerebral nerves, supplying the stomach, 

 lungs, liver, and larynx. 



Pneumonia, ( nu-mo'ni-a ). [Gk. pneumon, 

 lung.l The phase of disease called inflam- 

 mation of the lungs. 



Pneumootoka, (nu-mo-ot'o-ka). [Gk. pneuma, 

 breath; oon, egg; tokos, laying.] Owen's term 

 for a sub-division of Vertebrata, including 

 birds and the greater number of reptiles. 



Poa, (po'a). [Gk. poa, fodder.] = Meadow- 

 grass: a plant belonging to Grarninacese. 



Podargus, (po-dar'gus). [Gk. pous, foot; argos, 

 swift.] = More pork: an Australian bird, a 

 variety of the goat-sucker. 



Podophthalmia, (pod-of-thal'mi-a). [Gk. pous, 

 foot; ophthalmos, eye.]=Decapoda: crabs, 

 lobsters, <fec. ; crustacean animals, whose eyes 

 are on stalks, and whose bodies are divided 

 into twenty somites; they have a carapace, 

 and breathe by branchiae. 



Podophyllaceae, (pod-o-fil-la'se-e). [Gk. pous, 

 foot ; phyllon, leaf.] A family of plants, 

 resembling Ranunculacese. 



Podosomata, (podo-s5'ma-ta). [Gk. pous, foot; 

 soma, body.]=Sea-spiders : a marine sub- 

 division of Arachnida. 



Podostemaceae, (pod-os-te-ma'se-e). [Gk. pous, 

 foot; sterna, stamen.]=Podostemads ; float- 



