PUMA 



278 



PYRHELIOMETEB 



Puma, (pu'tna). [The Peruvian name.]= 

 Cougar, Q.V.; also ^^ 

 called American /|Sgl! 

 lion. ^gT^^eE^i^Bfdikj 



Pumice, (pum'is). 

 [Purnex, the Latin 

 name. ]= Lava-froth : 

 a porous variety of 

 trachyte, formed 

 by the action of 

 gases on lava; a Puma, 



variety of amorphous felspar, chiefly silicate 

 of aluminum. 



Pump. An instrument for raising water. 

 Air P.: for rarefying or condensing air. 

 Force P.: for forcing water above its natu- 

 ral level. Suction P.=Lift P.: for raising 

 water by means of a vacuum. 



Punfield beds. [P. in Dorsetshire.] A sub- 

 division of the Wealden formation, contain- 

 ing marine shells. 



Punica, (pu'ni-ka). Pomegranate: a plant 

 belonging to Myitaceae. 



Pupa, (pu'pa). [L. pupa, doll.] l.=Nymph 

 =Chrysalis : the condition of an insect, pre- 

 vious to its perfect state; an oblong motion- 

 less body, with no external limbs; v. Aure- 

 lia, v. Insect life. 2. A terrestrial univalve, 

 resembling the snail. P. vetv.sia =Dendro- 

 pupa, q.v. 



Pupil, (pu'pil). [Pupilla, the Latin word.] 

 An aperture in the iris of the eye, by which 

 light enters. 



Punt, (punt). [L. pans, bridge.] A flat-bot- 

 tomed boat, adapted to shallow water. 



Purbeck strata, (per'bek). [P. in Dorset- 

 shire.] The highest beds of the Oobtic series, 

 the fossils of which are mostly fresh-water: 

 contain numerous remains of Mammalia. 



Purgative waters, contain sulphate of mag- 

 nesia and soda, &c. Found at Ofen, Kissen- 

 gen, Beulah, Cheltenham, Karlsbad, Leam- 

 ington, &c. 



Purkinje's figures. An image of the blood- 

 vessels and yellow spot of the eye, seen in a 

 dark room by the reflection of a ray of light. 



Purple. P. of Cassius: used for colouring 

 Bohemian glass Stannate of gold and tin. 

 P. ciover=Trifolium pratense. P copper: 

 a variety of Erubescite,2.v. P. emperor=Apa.- 

 tura iris: a butterfly. P. ftfy=Martagon. 

 P. pigments: from gold, tin, &c. Mineral P. 

 =Purple of Cassius, q.v. 



Purpura, ( per ' pu - ra ). 

 [L. purpura, used for 

 purple dye.] A mol- 

 luscous animal belong- 

 ing to Entomostraca. 



Purpuric, ( per pu-rik ). 

 [Purpura, q.v.] P. acid 

 = Murexan : obtained 

 from uric acid ; named 

 from the purple colour 

 of its salts. 



Purpurin, (pei-'pu-rin). 

 [Purpura.g.v.] CooHiaO 

 a colouring matter 

 found in madder. 



Purreic, (pur're-ik).=:Euxanthieacid: a crys- 



Purpura. 



talline acid substance found in the yellow 

 pigment purree. 



Purse. P. cra&s=Birgus, Q.V. 



Purslane, (per'slan). [Portulaca, the Latin 

 word.]=Portulaca. Water P.=Peplis=Are- 

 naria peploides. 



Pus, (pus). [The Latin word.] A thick yellow 

 liquid, formed during a diseased condition of 

 some portion of the body. 



Putchuk, (put-chuk'). An East Indian plant, 

 the fragrant root of which is used as an in- 

 cense; belongs to Asteracese. 



Putrefaction, (pu-tre-fak'shun). [Putrefacio, 

 I make rotten.] The resolution of organic 

 substances into inorganic, of which the pro- 

 duction of carbonic acid and water is always 

 a part; a successive series of fermentations' 



Putty, (put'ti). [Fr. potie.] A cement, con- 

 sisting of whiting and linseed oil, used for 

 joining glass and wood, <fec. P. powder: bin- 

 oxide of tin, xised for polishing. 



Puzzuolana, ( put-zo-la'na ). [Puzzuoli, a 

 place near Naples.] A volcanic sand, chiefly 

 silicates, which, when mixed with lime, 

 gives it the power of hardening under water; 

 also called Pozzuolana. 



Pycnogonida, (pik-no-gon'i-da). [Gk. pylcnos, 

 thick ; gone, knee.] = Pycnogonata : micro- 

 scopic marine animals, having long legs with 

 thick joints, belonging to Arachnida. 



Pygaera, (nl-j6'ra). P. bucephula = Buff-tip 

 moth, which mimics dried sticks; v. Mimicry. 



Pygathrix, (pl'ga-thriks). [Gk. pyge, poste- 

 riors ; thrix, hair. Cochin-China monkey= 

 Simia nemseus. 



Pyloridia, (pil-6-rid'i-a). [Gk. pylorus, gate- 

 keeper; eidos, form.] Razor-fish, &c.: a 

 family of mollusca, belonging to Lamelli- 

 branchiata. 



Pylorus, (pil-cVrus). [Gk. pyle, gate ; euros, 

 guardian.] The opening from the stomach 

 into the intestines, by which the digested 

 food passes. 



Pyrallolite, ( pir-al'5-lit ). [Gk. pyr, fire; 

 allos, another; litJws, stone.] A mineral, 

 chiefly silicate of magnesium ; named from 

 changing colour when heated. 



Pyramid, (pir'a-mid). [Pyramis, the Greek 

 word.] A solid, ter- 

 minating above in a f|B 

 point, all its sides being 

 triangles, and its base a -""- 

 polygon. 



Pyrargyrite , (pi r-ar'j i- 

 rit). [Gk. p>/r, fire; 

 aryyros, silver. ]=Dark 

 red silver ore: an ore 

 of silver, chiefly sul- 

 phide of silver and anti- 

 mony, with hexagonal 

 crystallization. 



Pyrene, (pi'ren). [Gk. pyr, fire.]=C 15 H 12 = 

 Phenylene-naphthalene: a hydrocarbon ob- 

 tained from coal tar. 



Pyrethrum, (pl-re'thrum). [Gk. pyr, fire.] A 

 plant belonging to Asteracese, named from 

 the hot taste of the root. P. parthenium= 

 Fever few: 



Pyrheliometer, (pir-he-li-om'e-ter). [Gk. pyr, 



Pyramid. 



