SLOOP 



306 



SOAP 



'Bloth. 



Sloop, (sloop). [Sloep, the Dutch word.] 

 ship having one mast, 

 and a large mainsail 

 fastened below to a long 

 boom. 



Sloe, (slo). [Sla, the 

 A.-S. name.] = Prunus 

 spinosa: a variety of 

 the plum. 



Slot, (slot). A groove 

 or slit, especially in 

 machinery. 



Sloth, (sloth). [A.-S. : 

 slewdh, slow.]=Brady- 

 pus, q.v. 



Slovak. A European 

 people. 



Slow. S. lemurs: ani- 

 mals belonging to Nyc- 

 ticebinae. S. worm = 

 Blind-worm, q.v. 



Slug. A snail-like ani- 

 mal belonging to 1'u 1- 

 mogasteropoda, q.v. v. 

 Liniacidsa. Sea S. = 

 Opisthobranchiata, q.v., 

 animals belonging to 

 Gasteropoda. 



Small. S. intestines = 

 Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, 7.1-.: con- 

 nect the stomach with the large intestines. 

 S. circles of a sphere: one the plane of which 

 does not pass through the centre. S.-pox: 

 an eruptive contagious febrile phase of dis- 

 ease; also called Variola. 



Smalt, (smawlt). [Schmalte, the German 

 word.] A blue glass coloured by cobalt. 



Smaltite, (smawlfit). [Smalt, </.?.] = Smal- 

 tine: a mineral of the cobalt group, chiefly 

 arsenide of cobalt, CoAso. 



Smaragdite, (sraar'ag-dlt). [L. smaragdus, 

 emerald.] A variety of augite, including the 

 emerald. 



Smee's battery. [Dr. Smee.] A galvanic 

 battery consisting of plates of zinc and pla- 

 tinum in sulphuric acid : the platinum is 

 covered with minute pieces of platinum, so 

 as to present a roughened surface, from 

 which the evolved hydrogen readily escapes. 



Smell, (sruel). The sensation produced by 

 the excitement of the mucous membrane of 

 the nasal cavities, in which terminate the 

 olfactory nerves. 



Smelt, (smelt). [A.-S. smel, small.] A small 

 fish, belonging to 

 Salmonidoe. 



Smelting, ( smel'- 

 ting). [Smelten, the 

 Dutch word. ]= Re- 

 duction: the re- Smelt, 

 moval of the oxygen from metallic oxides, 

 usually by means of carbon and certain 

 fluxes, so as to leave the metal free. 



Smilacese, (snn-la'se-C). [Smilax, <?.?;. ]=Sar- 

 saparillas : herbs, sometimes with fleshy 

 tubers, belonging to Dictyogens. 



Smilax, (smi'laks). [The Latin name.] Sar- 

 saparilla: an evergreen plant, the type of 

 Smilaceae. 



Smithsonite=Electric-calamine: a mineral of 



the zinc group, crystallising in rhumbs, 



composed of silicate and hydrate of /.inc. 

 Smoke, (smok). [Smocca, the A.-S. \\oid.] 



The thick vapour arising from some burning 



substance. S. ball : projectiles which evolve 



dense smoke; used in mines, <fcc., for sullb- 



cating. 



Smut=Ergot, q.v. 

 Smyrnium, ( smer'ni-um ). [Snamiinn, the 



Greek name.] A plant belonging to Apiu- 



cese ; also called Alexanders. 

 Snail, (snal). [Snagel, the A.-S. word.] 1. 



=Helix, q.v. River S.=Paludina, q.v. Sea 



S. = Liparis. 2. A wheel in a clock-work 



train, especially in the striking portion of 



the machinery of a clock, named from its 



shape. 

 Snake, (snak). [Snaca, the A.-S. word.]=An- 



guis = Natrix. v. 



Ophidia. Rattle S. 



= Crotalus horri- 



dus. Ringed S.= 



Coluber natrix. S. 



flsh=C^ol&, a fish 



belonging to Taeni- 



oidei. S. root = S. 



weed = Polygonum 



bistorta. S. wood 



Ophioxylon, q.v. 

 S.s head = Fritil- 



5.^ 



laria meleagris. S.'s <07?<7U=Oi)liioglossvim. 



Snapdragon=Antin-hinum, q.v. ; named from 

 the shape of the flower. 



Snatchers=Raptoria, q.v. 



Sneeze. S. 'iCorf=Achillea ptarmica. 



Snipe, (snip). [Schnepfe, the German name.] 

 A bird belonging to Scolopacidrc, ij.r. Pain >< <t 

 5.=Rhynchea. S.^/4=Centriscus scoloiKix ; 

 named from ita snout. 



Snow, (sno). [Snaw, the A.-S. word.] Frozen 

 rain, crystallising 

 in a great variety 

 of forms. S. ball 

 tree = Viburnum 

 opulus. S. berry 

 = Chiococca, a ^ 

 plant belonging Ej 

 to Cinchonacese. 

 S. bunting=Ploc- 

 trophanes niva- 

 lis. S. drop = 

 Galanthus. S. 

 flake=Liencojil'ni '. Snow-crystal. 



a plant belonging to Amaryliidacere. S. 

 goose = Anser hyperboreua. 5. line: the 

 height, at any given place, above which the 

 snow does not melt, and below which it melts 

 in summer. Green and Red S.: due to pre- 

 sence of a microscopic organism, called Pro- 

 tococcus nivalis. 



Snowdon. A mountain peak in the Moon. 



Snuff, (snuf). {Schnuppe, the German word. ] 

 Tobacco, powdered, which has undergone 

 a long fermentation, by which its nicotylia is 

 destroyed. 



Soap, (sop). [Sape, the A.-S. word.] A mix- 

 ture of potash or soda with stearine, mar- 

 v arine, oleine, &c. ; used iu. washing. Hard 



